Ingresos en urgencias por intoxicación en un hospital de tercer nivel: Epidemiología y utilización de antídotos

• Autores: Gabriel Antonio Mercadal Orfila, C Martorell Puigserver, Lourdes Pastó Cardona, J. J. Machí Ribes, Ramón José Jódar Masanés
• Localización: Atención Farmacéutica, ISSN 1139-7357, Vol. 7, Nº. 4, 2005, págs. 314-318
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Admissions due to intoxication to the emergency unit of a third-level hospital: Epidemiology and use of antidotes
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• Resumen

  • Objective: To study the intoxications being assisted at a third-level hospital. Method: An observational prospective study took place during March, 2004. Using the hospital's computer registry, the clinical reports and the medical interview, we collected demographic data, clinical antecedents as well as data relative to the intoxication. Results: 116 patients (55 men and 61 women) were included with an average age of 37.4 years that presented 126 entrances (prevalence of 1.2% of the total admissions to the emergency room). Only eight cases (6.3%) required to be admitted. 65% of intoxications were of a voluntary kind, 25% accidental and 10% of unknown origin. Benzodiazepines and alcohol were the most frequently implicated toxic agents. In 56 cases (44.4%) it was used some type of support treatment, symptomatologic, of decontamination and/or any antagonist or antidote, being the decontamination ones the most used. The most used antidotes were naloxone and flumazenile. Conclusions: The periodic epidemiologic study of the intoxications in the hospital allows to knowing their profile in the health area of intervention. This allows to readjusting the offering and the supply of antidotes in the pharmacy services, as well as the protocols for acting