Resumen Introducción y objetivos Aunque existen múltiples estudios de fiabilidad diagnóstica en teledermatología de almacenamiento (TDA), aún no se ha demostrado una fiabilidad elevada para enfermedad general cutánea en un escenario real. DERMATEL-2 fue un estudio aleatorizado de concordancia diagnóstica en TDA en condiciones de práctica clínica.
Material y métodos Pacientes remitidos desde atención primaria fueron aleatorizados en 3 grupos: TDA; híbrida videoconferencia-almacenamiento (VC-TDA) y grupo control (GC). Este artículo se centra en el grupo de almacenamiento. Médicos de atención primaria tomaron datos y fotografías clínicas remitiéndolas a distancia. Cada consulta de TDA fue evaluada por 3 dermatólogos diferentes (D1,D2,D3). Todos los pacientes fueron finalmente vistos por el mismo dermatólogo (D1) en la consulta presencial (CP). Dos dermatólogos adicionales (D4, D5) evaluaron las concordancias TDA-CP.
Resultados Se aleatorizaron un total de 457 pacientes 4-4-2: 192 TDA, 176 VC-TDA y 89 GC; 200 varones y 257 mujeres, 0-86 años. Se incuyó enfermedad tumoral (49,4%), inflamatoria (25,7%), anexial (11%), infecciosa (9,4%) y otros (4,4%). Hubo 170 pacientes de TDA válidos para el análisis, rindiendo 510 teleconsultas-TDA. La imagen (71,2%), la historia clínica (91,2%) y la confianza diagnóstica (81,4%) fueron de calidad alta. En el 58,4% fue posible el manejo exclusivo on-line. Los acuerdos interobservador (completo/agregado) TDA-CP fueron 0,72/0,90 para el diagnóstico y 0,61/0,80 en el tratamiento. El acuerdo diagnóstico se correlacionó con la calidad de la imagen (p < 0,001), la confianza diagnóstica (p < 0,001), la necesidad de consulta presencial (p < 0,001) y la calidad de la historia clínica (p = 0,013).
Conclusión La fiabilidad diagnóstica de la TDA en condiciones de práctica clínica es elevada. Los dermatólogos pueden predecir errores diagnósticos analizando su confianza diagnóstica y la calidad de las fotografías
Abstract Introduction and objectives Although many studies have evaluated the diagnostic reliability of store-and-forward (SF) teledermatology, the reliability of the technique for the diagnosis of general skin conditions in a clinical practice setting has never been demonstrated. We evaluated the reliability of SF teledermatology in clinical practice by analyzing the diagnostic agreement achieved in a subgroup of patients from the DERMATEL-2 study.
Material and methods Patients referred from primary care settings were randomized to 3 groups: SF, a combination of videoconferencing and SF technology (VC-SF), and a control group. This article focuses on the SF group. Clinical data were recorded and photographs taken by primary care physicians, who forwarded the data electronically. Each SF consultation package was assessed by 3 dermatologists (D1,D2,D3). Subsequently all the patients were assessed by a single dermatologist (D1) in a face-to-face consultation. Finally, 2 other dermatologists (D4,D5) assessed the agreement between the diagnoses obtained by SF and FF.
Results In total, 457 patients (200 males and 257 females) aged between 2 months and 86 years were randomized (192 to SF, 176 to VC-SF, and 89 to the control group). The diagnostic categories were as follows: tumors (49.4%), inflammatory (25.7%), adnexal (11%), infectious (9.4%) and other processes (4.4%) Since 170 patients had consultations deemed valid for analysis, the study included a total of 510 SF assessments. Most of the images and clinical records were of high quality (71.2% and 91.2% respectively), and diagnostic confidence was high in 81.4% of the cases studied.
In 58.4% of cases the condition was managed exclusively by teledermatology. Levels of complete and aggregate interobserver agreement between SF and face-to-face evaluators were 0,72 and 0.90, respectively, for diagnosis and 0.61 and 0.80 for treatment. Diagnostic agreement correlated with the image quality (P < .001), diagnostic confidence (P < .001), felt need for conventional consultation (P < .001), and the quality of the clinical record (P = .013).
Conclusion The interobserver reliability of SF diagnosis in clinical practice is good. Dermatologists are able to predict errors in diagnosis by analyzing their own diagnostic confidence and evaluating the quality of the images.
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