Atención farmacéutica en pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

• Autores: M. Almela Tejedo, M Cholvi Llobell, Carmen Pérez Peiró, Jorge Carmena Carmena, Juan José Pérez Ruixo
• Localización: Atención Farmacéutica, ISSN 1139-7357, Vol. 2, Nº. 6, 2000, págs. 482-494
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Pharmaceutical care in patients affected with the human immunodeficiency virus
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• Resumen

  • The objective of this work is to describe the pharmaceutical care process in external patient consultation and to evaluate the obtained results in patients diagnosed with an HIV infection. There have been included 385 HIV+ patients assisted at the Pharmacy Service External Patient Consultation during the period between May and August 1999. The provision of pharmaceutical care model is supported by, structurally as well as organizationally, the pharmacist's interview with the patient. In the following manner the patient evaluation takes place, it is established a pharmacotherapeutical plan and they are evaluated the plan's results periodically in a joint way with the rest of the members of the health team. It is produced a descriptive statistic encompassing the patients in relation to their respective problems related to the medication and the gravity of the situation, the pharmaceutical attention and its acceptance and relevance. As well, it is developed an indirect estimate of the economic impact of pharmaceutical care's value added. In the 713 pharmaceutical consultations taken place, there were detected 242 problems related to medication (PRM) corresponding to 166 patients (1.46 PRM/patient). The unfulfillment (50%) and the adverse reactions (27%) are the two PRM that present the most frequency. On average, the gravity of the identified PRM required either a change in the treatment or an increase in the pharmacotherapeutical monitoring. Out of the 632 pharmaceutical actions, 175 (27.7%) consisted of a treatment optimization, 145 were preventive actions and in 312 occasions pharmacotherapeutical information was facilitated. The percentage of the subsidiary pharmaceutical actions that were in consensus with other members of the health team was of 60.44%. Out of those, 289 pharmaceutical actions were in consensus with the patient, 82 with the physican and 11 with the ATS, with an elevated degree of acceptance (<90%). 64% of the PRM were resolved favorably. Definitively, the results of this study support the necessity for pharmaceutical care to the HIV+ patients by being an assitential activity with a cost-benefit of 1.8 according to the valuation models being applied. In that sense, it is necessary to increase the structural resources (human and physical) with the purpose of achieving the desirable quality standards for the practice of pharmaceutical care