Propuestas para una criminología menor

• Autores: Ezequiel Kostenwein
• Localización: Crítica penal y poder: una publicación del Observatorio del Sistema Penal y los Derechos Humanos, ISSN-e 2014-3753, Nº. 6, 2014, 19 págs.
• Idioma: español
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    El contenido de este artículo es primordialmente descriptivo: comienza con la mención de los usos que le atribuimos a la criminología, uno mayor y otro menor, para luego hacer referencia a ciertas fechas importantes para su desarrollo, en términos históricos. Posteriormente mostramos tres posturas que, si bien no pertenecerían de hecho a la criminología menor, ofrecen alternativas a los criterios más tradicionales. A su vez, se intenta dar especificidad a lo que entendemos por menor en criminología y a continuación señalar, sólo preliminarmente, cómo Nietzsche, Kafka, Tarde, Hulsman y Christie podrían ser ubicados dentro de ella. En definitiva, es un esbozo que pretende motivar nuevas formas de percepción en torno a lo que usualmente se considera criminología.

  • English

    I offer, first, a brief articulation of the theory of the two demons. This theory, after enjoying the role of discourse of state with the restoration of democracy in Argentina, has been explicitly rejected in the second generation of trials: at this stage it was understood that only the military (not the leftist organizations ) committed crimes against humanity. My interest is centered in evaluating the reasons which support this distinction. Consequently, second, I prese nt the figure of crimes against humanity as fixed in the Rome Statute and I distinguish four conceptions regarding how should be outlined its political element. Third, I reconstruct the interpretation that the Supreme Court and the lower Argentinean courts make of the requirements that a crime needs to fulfill for qualifying as a crime against humanity. The focus will be on the political element and specifically on the conditions that an organization must meet to be able to commit such crimes. Fourth, I com pare Argentinean decisions with those taken by the international bodies responsible for implementing the international law of human rights. Fifth, I offer a reconstruction of the requirements that I believe should be taken into account (based on the normat ive conception that I consider right) in the legal definition of crimes against humanity. With this conceptual tool in hand I will evaluate the case law mentioned above. Finally I will focus on establishing what I consider the appropriate legal qualificati on of the crimes committed by the armed leftist groups in the seventies