It is true that thousands of Irish emigrated to the Netherlands and Spain from 1570 up to the mid-seventeenth century. Most of them served in the military. They formed an independent community that identified itself with the rest of the nations that were fighting with common ideals in Flanders or against England. The reason behind this migration cannot be merely attributed to the search for a position in the army. Ireland could not accommodate them for various reasons and this led to an alliance being forged with Spain. The clergymen who accompanied this community were those who stirred up most the anti-English sentiment. They sublimated the idea of a Crusade in Ireland, but had to make do with fighting in the Netherlands. When peace with England came in 1604, followed by the Twelve Years� Truce with Holland in 1609, some of them returned to Ireland.
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