Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State

• Autores: Jelena Maletkovic, Andrew Drexler
• Localización: Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America, ISSN 0889-8529, Vol. 42, Nº. 4, 2013 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Acute and Chronic Complications of Diabetes), págs. 677-695
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) are potentially fatal hyperglycemic crises that occur as acute complications of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The authors provide a review of the current epidemiology, precipitating factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, evaluation, and treatment of DKA and HHS. The discovery of insulin in 1921 changed the life expectancy of patients with diabetes mellitus dramatically. Today, almost a century later, DKA and HHS remain significant causes of morbidity and mortality across different countries, ages, races, and socioeconomic groups and a significant economic burden for society.