Resumen de Independent and Combined Effects of Physical Activity and Weight Loss on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Overweight and Obese Older Adults
Kristen M. Beavers, Walter T. Ambrosius, Barbara J. Nicklas, W. Jack Rejeski
Objectives: To determine the independent effect of long-term physical activity (PA) and the combined effects of long-term PA and weight loss (WL) on inflammation in overweight and obese older adults.
Design: Eighteen-month randomized, controlled trial.
Setting: The community infrastructure of cooperative extension centers.
Participants: Overweight and obese (body mass index >28.0 kg/m2) community-dwelling men and women aged 60 to 79 at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Intervention: Physical activity + weight loss (PA + WL) (n = 98), PA only (n = 97), or successful aging (SA) health education (n = 93) intervention.
Measurements: Biomarkers of inflammation (adiponectin, leptin, high-sensitivity interleukin (hsIL)-6, IL-6sR, IL-8, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1) were measured at baseline and 6 and 18 months.
Results: After adjustment for baseline biomarker, wave, sex, and visit, leptin and hsIL-6 showed a significant intervention effect. Specifically, leptin was significantly lower in the PA + WL group (21.3 ng/mL, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 19.7�22.9 ng/mL) than in the PA (29.3 ng/mL, 95% CI = 26.9�31.8 ng/mL) or SA (30.3 ng/mL, 95% CI = 27.9�32.8 ng/mL) group (both P < .001), and hsIL-6 was significantly lower in the PA + WL group (2.1 pg/mL, 95% CI = 1.9�2.3 pg/mL) than in the PA (2.5 pg/mL, 95% CI = 2.3�2.7 pg/mL) or SA (2.4 pg/mL, 95% CI = 2.2�2.6 pg/mL) group (P = .02).
Conclusion: Addition of dietary-induced WL to PA reduced leptin and hsIL-6 more than PA alone and more than a SA intervention in older adults at risk for CVD. Results suggest that WL, rather than increased PA, is the lifestyle factor primarily responsible for improvement in the inflammatory profile.
