Your back is made up of bones (the vertebrae, or spinal column, which protects your spinal cord) and muscles. The vertebrae are stacked like blocks; the spinal cord runs down the middle, and between the vertebrae nerves extend from the spinal cord to the left and right. The disks lie between the vertebrae and form spongy shock absorbers between each bone. Several layers of muscle cover the back, and ligaments and tendons support the vertebrae, supporting posture and giving the body flexibility. Back pain can be caused by problems with the muscles, the bones, or the nerves in the back.
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