Different socio-cultural factors might affect parental perception of children�s nutritional condition. The purpose of this study is to identify factors related to women�s weight self-perception, and its association with the perception they have of their children�s nutritional condition. This is a cross-sectional study based on 1249 mother- children pairs from Vitória/ES-Brazil. Surveys were conducted in schools and households. Logistic regression models showed that mothers with low educational level underestimated their own weight. Misperception of children�s weight was dependent on their gender but not on mother�s educational level. Model-based findings suggest that mothers� weight underestimation is a risk factor in the underestimation of their sons� weight, but not in their daughters�. Results show that children gender is an important factor on mothers� perception of children�s weight.
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