Influência da temperatura e substrato na germinação de sementes de jabuticabeira (Myrciaria cauliflora Berg.)

• Autores: Maristela Aparecida Dias, José Carlos Lopes, José Dias de Souza Neto, Elaine Heberle
• Localización: Idesia, ISSN-e 0718-3429, ISSN 0073-4675, Vol. 29, Nº. 1, 2011, págs. 23-28
• Idioma: portugués
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• Resumen
  • português

    O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, em Alegre- ES.

    O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas e substratos sobre a germinação e vigor de sementes de jabuticabeira.

    Para isso se utilizou como substrato areia pura (A), terra+areia+esterco bovino (T+A+E), pó de casca de coco (PC) e Hortimix® (H), e temperaturas constantes de 20, e 30 ºC e alternada de 20-30 ºC. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. As médias de germinação, índice de velocidade de emergência, plantas normais, massa fresca e massa seca de plantas foram comparadas entre si pelo teste de Tukey a 5%. A temperatura de 30 ºC e o substrato composto por terra, areia e esterco bovino em iguais proporções foram mais favoráveis a germinação da espécie nas condições avaliadas

  • English

    The experiment was developed in the Seeds Analysis Laboratory in the University of Espirito Santo, Alegre, Brazil. The objective was to study the effect of different temperatures and substrates on the germination and strength of Jaboticaba tree seeds. The substrates used were pure sand (A), soil + sand + cow dung (T+A+E), coconut rind powder (PC), Hortimix® (H); temperature treatments were 20º C, 30º C and alternation between these two temperatures. The experimental design was completely random, with four repetitions. The germination average, emergence rate, plant fresh weight and dry weight were compared using the Tukey�s test at 5%. The temperature of 30º C and the soil + sand + cow dung (T+A+E) substrate in equal proportions was the most efficient combination of the conditions studied for the germination of this species.ndergreenhouse conditions. Three container cell volume treatments (10, 18 y 43 cm3) were used in a completely randomized statistical design with three replicates. The transplanting was done in Curacaví (33°25¿S, 71°25¿W) with the same statistical design and five replicates. The statistical analysis of the obtained result was performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Duncan multiple comparisons test (P < 0.05). At the nursery stage plants grown in 43 cm3 tray cells had the highest root and foliar development, with a total dry matter weight (DM) of 377.2 mg plant¿1. Those grown in 18 cm3 tray cells reached 217.2 mg plant¿1 and those obtained in 10 cm3 tray cells had 152.7 mg plant¿1. The survival rate after transplant did not show statistical differences. Further development maintained the differences coming from the nursery stage until harvest; plants arising from 43 cm3 cells were more precocious, initiating harvest 77 days after transplanting (DAT) with the highest curd weight and diameter. Curd categories were established according to their diameter. Plants grown in 43 cm3 tray cells showed 88% of the curds with a diameter greater than 16 cm, 8% between 14 and 16 cm 4% under 14 cm. Plants coming from 18 cm3 tray cells initiated harvest 80 DAT with 66%, 20% and 14 in these categories, respectively. Plants from 10 cm3 tray cells initiated harvest 86 DAT with 42%, 32% and 26 % in each category.