The authors explore the 20-year history of the Andean Oral History Workshop, documenting a shift from scholarly research on the history of indigenous movements and communities in Bolivia, to an activism based on the revitalization of an indigenous form of sociopolitical organization �the ayllu. A case study is offered of the historical fragmentation of Suyu Pakajaqi across the trajectory of colonial, republican, and modern history, out of which the first reconstituted ayllus emerged in the early 1990s. In this, they respond to criticism that the ayllu, following 500 years of external domination, is not an appropriate political format within a modernizing state. THOA's support and defense of this movement to "return to that which is our own," is grounded in a historical understanding of the ayllu that has emerged out of their earlier scholarly investigations
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