This article focuses on the dynamics of racial and ethnic identities in the city of Cuzco from the 1920s to 1990. It analyzes the explicit and implicit dialogues between elite Cuzqueño intellectuals and mestizos, the working class women that represented a sexualized social obsession for Indigenistas and Neo-lndigenistas. The first group of academics launched the modernizing project of Indigenismo. Crucial to this project was bio-moral/cultural purity. Neo-Inddigenistas reversed this paradigm and praised hybridity. Both projects described mestizas as quintessential erotic beings. Through market place struggles, these women responded to the local intelligentsia by proposing an image as mujeres de respeto
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