This paper analyzes how the four processes identified as characteristic of modernity�emancipation, renovation, democratization and expansion� have developed in Latin America. The accomplishments and frustrations associated with each process are challenged, the author argues, by the modernity imposed by neoliberalism. The significance of this reformulation of the modernizing project is analyzed in terms of the constitutive, multi temporal heterogeneity of Latin American societies, and its implications. Finally, this article suggests how anthropology and cultural studies could be redefined as a way of offering a new sociocultural approach which reformulates Ihe public sphere as a global and multicultural collective
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