Changes in Calpain Activity, Muscle Structure, and Function after Eccentric Exercise

• Autores: Truls Raastad, Simen Gylterud Owe, Goran Paulsen, Deborah Enns, Kristian Overgaard, Regina Crameri, Steinar Kiil, Angelo Belcastro, Linda Bergersen
• Localización: Medicine & Science in Sports & exercise: Official Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine, ISSN 0195-9131, Vol. 42, Nº. 1, 2010, págs. 86-95
• Idioma: inglés
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• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen

  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate changes in muscle function, muscle structure, and calpain activity after high-force eccentric exercise.

    Methods: Eleven healthy males performed 300 maximal voluntary eccentric actions with knee extensors in one leg. Maximal force-generating capacity was measured before exercise and regularly during the next 7 d. Biopsies from musculus vastus lateralis were taken in both control and exercised legs 0.5, 4, 8, 24, 96, and 168 h after exercise for evaluation of myofibrillar structure, extracellular matrix proteins, and calpain activity.

    Results: In the exercised leg, peak torque was reduced by 47 +/- 5% during exercise and was still 22 +/- 5% lower than baseline 4 d after the exercise. Calpain activity was three times higher in the exercised leg compared with the control leg 30 min after exercise. Myofibrillar disruptions were observed in 36 +/- 6% of all fibers in exercised muscle and in 2 +/- 1% of fibers in control muscle. The individual reductions in peak torque correlated with the proportion of fibers with myofibrillar disruptions (r = 0.89). The increase in calpain activity was not correlated to the proportion of fibers with myofibrillar disruptions. Nevertheless, the characteristics of the myofibrillar disruptions mimicked calpain-mediated degradation of myofibrils. Tenascin-C and the N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type III showed increased staining intensity on cross-sections 4-7 d after the exercise.

    Conclusions: Myofibrillar disruptions seem to be a main cause for the long-lasting reduction in force-generating capacity after high-force eccentric exercise. The increase in calpain activity, but the lack of a relationship between calpain activity and the amount of muscle damage, suggests multiple roles of calpain in the damage and repair process