Il patto del decalogo e l'idea di contratto sociale nell'europa moderna

• Autores: Antonio Palazzo
• Localización: Jus: Rivista di Scienze Giuridiche, ISSN 0022-6955, Vol. 58, Nº. 1-2, 2011 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Incontro di studi in ricordo di ARMANDO BARTULLI. Il diritto penale nell'economia di oggi), págs. 161-178
• Idioma: italiano
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• Resumen

  • The tradition of the European culture produced the idea of Human rights and of Common welfare, both assimilated already before the modern age and both able to create the notion of "Human Rights". Nevertheless, the cultural origin of the idea od Human rights is very ancient and basically concerns duties before rights. Therefore the idea of relationship between individuals - called Social contract - born from the imperative duties of the Decalogue (today still commonbetween Hebrews and Christians) from which the modern rights are drawn. The delivery of the divine Law - unique, eternal and free - is a gift conditional on man's fidelity towards God. Modern constitutions are modelled on the content of the Decalogue; in turn they are originated by a pact between citizens and the State, which shapes obligations to corresponding performances. constitutions can be changed over time in order to implement the Common good, or equitable justice, that is instead established forever in the Pact of the Decalogue and represents the reference criterion against which the validity of new laws is judged.