Resumen de Ingesta de calcio y fósforo en ausencia de leche
Margarita Alonso Franch, María Paz Redondo del Río
Milk is a nourishment having elevated nutritional quality given its low energy density and high nutrient content. Within these, it is necessary to stress that milk is the only dietary source of lactose and one of the principal ones of calcium and phosphorus. During the first months of life, it can cover all of the nutritional needs of the infant, but its importance within the diet progressively decreases with age. One of the reasons that adolescents stop drinking milk is precisely its identification as a food for children. On other occasions, it is an aversion and intolerance to different types that make it necessary to substitute the milk (and sometime the lactic products) with other nutrients. Bone mineralization shows a positive balance during childhood, until it reaches its maximum (bone mass peak) a few years after growth ends. There are at least 3 critical periods for calcium and phosphorus apposition: The last three months of pregnancy, the first three years of life and puberty. Intake recommendations are adjusted to the physiological changes in bone mineralization although they are type AI (adequate intake), since sufficient data is still lacking to scientifically assure (RDA) the requirements at each age.
