The object of this paper is to illustrate how selection operates within pre-trial criminal investigations. In theory, Italy is characterized by the formal principle of obligatory penal prosecution, as stated in the Constitution. However, this principle remains merely symbolic, due to scarce resources and the greatly increased caseload. Accord-ing to the early results of a two case study, related to the public prosecutor's offices of two different Italian cities, this paper shows the relevance of organizational changes related to the caseload increase, and the emergence also in Italy of organizational practices definable in terms of "actuarial justice".
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