Prevalence and distribution of developmental dental anomalies on panoramic radiographs of adults from Ica and Huamanga, Peru, 2021–2023: a retrospective cross-sectional study

• Montero-Betalleluz, Eylim Edir ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad César Vallejo

     Universidad César Vallejo

     Provincia de Trujillo, Perú

     
• Localización: TUMI Oral Health, ISSN-e 3119-7701, Vol. 1, Nº. 3, 2026 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Mayo-Junio 2026), págs. 16-24
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Background: Developmental dental anomalies may affect diagnosis, occlusion, esthetics, treatment planning, and long-term oral health. Their prevalence varies among populations, but evidence in Peruvian adults remains limited. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of developmental dental anomalies observed on panoramic radiographs of adults from Ica and Huamanga, Peru, between 2021 and 2023. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using 646 panoramic radiographs of adults aged 20 to 50 years. Dental anomalies were classified according to alterations in tooth shape, size, and number through radiographic observation. Data were analyzed using absolute and relative frequencies. Results: Developmental dental anomalies were identified in 38.5% of radiographs. Shape anomalies were the most frequent category (16.6%), followed by size anomalies (15.6%) and number anomalies (6.3%). No developmental dental anomalies were observed in 61.5% of radiographs. Conclusions: Developmental dental anomalies were frequent among adults from Ica and Huamanga, with shape anomalies being the most common finding. These results support the usefulness of panoramic radiographs for identifying dental anomalies and improving clinical decision-making in adult dental care.