Nueva contribución al análisis de la sensibilidad de la red española de transporte eléctrico frentea las GIC

• Canillas, Victoria ^[1] ; Marsal, Santiago ^[1] ; Torta, J. Miquel ^[1]
  1. [1] Observatori de l’Ebre, (OE) CSIC - Univ. Ramon Llull, Roquetes (Spain).
• Localización: 10.ª Asamblea Hispano-Portuguesa de Geodesia y Geofísica: artículos, 2023, ISBN 978-84-416-7540-7, págs. 539-547
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • New contribution to the sensitivity analysis of the Spanish power transmission grid to GIC
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• Resumen

  • Geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) are quasi-dc currents (0.0001-0.1 Hz) that appear during severe geomagnetic disturbances on long conductors running on the Earth’s surface. When applied to power networks, they can generate problems to the utilities such as reactive power losses, overheating of the transformers, or malfunctioning of protecting relays. After analysing the vulnerability of the Spanish power grid, a sensitivity analysis of the network is added as a contribution to the mitigation strategy for the issues mentioned above. Different strategies are known, such as GIC blocking devices or series capacitors, also the injection of DC current in the opposite direction of GIC, but in this case, we will analyse the disconnection of substations. Firstly, an analysis is made of the electric field directions that produce the highest GIC amplitudes, which depend mainly on the topology of the network but they are also influenced by the different conductivity of the earth beneath the transmission lines. Secondly, the sensitivity of the power grid to possible changes in the network topology is analysed, looking at how the GIC are redistributed. This is useful as part of the mitigation strategy and also as a study of the local effect of redistribution. The opening of transmission lines and the elimination of substations or transformers can generate both increases and decreases of GIC in the remaining elements of the network. This information could be used to redirect currents that could damage certain transformers before the arrival of an extreme event. Power grids are in constant transformation (e.g. changes in the network topology due to the dismantling of a substation or the removal or opening of a transmission line) and our results may be relevant to mitigate the possible impact that these changes may cause due to the threat of GICs.