Oral cancer education intervention for high-risk patients aged 35-59 years, clinic 16

• Abraham-Millán, Yoneisy ^[1] ; Montano-Silva, Rosa María ^[1] ; Padín-Gámez, Yanelilian ^[2] ; Pantoja-García, Eridania ^[2] ; Céspedes-Proenza, Iraida ^[1] ; Pérez-Pérez, Bárbara Zenaida ^[1]
  1. [1] Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Isla de la Juventud. Isla de la Juventud, Cuba
  2. [2] Clínica Estomatológica Docente Dr. José Lázaro Fonseca López del Castillo. Isla de la Juventud, Cuba
• Localización: SAP Health and Policy, ISSN-e 3125-2478, Nº. 1, 2022
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Educational intervention is the intentional process that should encompass the design, planning, execution, monitoring and evaluation of a system of actions aimed at implementing in practice a differentiated care that favours the acquisition of knowledge. The aim of this research was to develop an educational intervention in patients between 35 and 59 years of age at high risk for oral cancer. An explanatory intervention study was carried out with an experimental design, with pre-test, post-test and control group in clinic 16 belonging to the Pueblo Nuevo Popular Council, in the period April-September, 2022. Systematic selection of sample elements was used to determine the units of analysis, forming two groups of 47 patients at high risk for oral cancer. The variables level of risk for predicting oral cancer, sex, risk factors associated with oral cancer, level of knowledge about oral cancer, experimental groups and teaching methods were taken into account. The predominant sex was male in both experimental groups. Among the main risk factors were stress, smoking, and ingestion of hot, spicy and highly seasoned foods, which were reduced by 23% in the experimental group and 23% in the experimental group and 6% in the medium group. Satisfactory results were obtained in terms of the modification of knowledge and the level of risk, with an increase in knowledge to reduce the risk of oral cancer after the educational intervention in the experimental group. The differences observed before and after the intervention through the application of the educational Web media demonstrated the effectiveness and impact of the intervention, showing the importance of maintaining the innovative capacity to transmit promotion and prevention messages in a pleasant and didactic way.