Before sound cinema, music and sound effects were an integral part of film exhibitions. However, music and sound in Spanish cinema before the generalisation of sound film technology are fields of analysis that have yet to be studied. This chapter seeks to analyse the live music and other sound accompaniments featured in the 1920s Spanish film exhibitions through the study of representative movies and film genres, but also the different practices for the interpretation of music in movie theatres. This analysis shows that Spanish film accompaniment music was composed mainly by arrangements of previously existing musical and song pieces, such as pasodobles, zarzuela pieces, foxtrot, melodic and orchestral music, or a wide variety of song types related to festivities and traditional music.This chapter highlights the significance of hybridisation between different forms of Spanish national mass culture, such as popular theatre, zarzuela, popular music or folklore, and cinema. In addition, this analysis points out the role of Spanish film music during the 1920s in the configuration and mass diffusion of local, regional and national imaginaries.
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