The Constitutional Right to an Effective Remedy in the Digital Age: A Perspective from Europe

Giovanni De Gregorio ^[1] ; Simona Demková ^[2]
1. [1] Universidade Católica Portuguesa
  
  Universidade Católica Portuguesa
  
  Socorro, Portugal
2. [2] Leiden University
  
  Leiden University
  
  Países Bajos
Localización: European Yearbook of Constitutional Law 2023: Constitutional Law in the Digital Era / Charlotte van Oirsouw (ed. lit.), Jurgen de Poorter (ed. lit.), Ingrid Leijten (ed. lit.), Gerhard van der Schyff (ed. lit.), Maarten Stremler (ed. lit.), Maartje de Visser (ed. lit.), 2024, ISBN 978-94-6265-647-5, págs. 223-254
Idioma: inglés
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Resumen
- The consolidation of the digital age has expanded the demand for justice. The challenges characterising digital relationships have caused European policy-makers to reflect on the opportunity to introduce new safeguards to ensure the right to effective remedies as enshrined in the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. On the one hand, this approach has triggered the proliferation of new procedures, thus expanding potential remedies. On the other hand, the introduction of new remedies increases fragmentation and uncertainty about their access and functioning. This chapter examines the challenges for the right to an effective remedy raised by the proliferation of intertwined remedies in three key pieces of European digital regulation—the General Data Protection Regulation, the Digital Services Act and the Artificial Intelligence Act. Particularly, we assess the three key avenues for remedies, namely internal complaints, independent supervision and judicial remedies. Based on this assessment, we underline the need for further clarity in the interplay between the remedial designs, with a particular focus on institutional collaboration across the emerging remedial frameworks.