Tumor‑exosomal miR‑205‑5p as a diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer

• Yajing Zhao ^[1] ; Yapeng Zhao ^[2] ; Lisheng Liu ^[1] ; Guanghao Li ^[1] ; Yawen Wu ^[1] ; Yanan Cui ^[3] ; Li Xie ^[4]
  1. [1] Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
  2. [2] Department of Stomatology, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
  3. [3] Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
  4. [4] Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan Shandong 250117, Shandong Province, China

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• Localización: Clinical & translational oncology, ISSN 1699-048X, Vol. 27, Nº. 3, 2025, págs. 1185-1197
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Background Tumor-derived exosomal miRNAs play crucial roles in cancer diagnosis. Current studies aim to identify exosomal miRNAs associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) that are noninvasive, sensitive, and specifc.

    Patients and methods Exosomes were extracted from CRC patients and healthy donors via ultracentrifugation, followed by verifcation via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), qNano, and Western blot analysis. The diferential expression levels and clinical characteristics of miR-205-5p were analyzed in CRC via data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Real-time quantitative PCR was used to assess the expression levels of exosomal miRNAs in 157 primary CRC patients, 20 patients with benign diseases, and 135 healthy donors. Predictions regarding target genes were made to guide further exploration of the disease’s etiopathogenesis through bioinformatics.

    Results Compared with that in healthy donors, the expression of miR-205-5p in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients was signifcantly lower, as determined through analysis of the TCGA database. We conducted a prediction and analysis of the functional enrichment of downstream target genes regulated by miR-205-5p. A lower level of exosomal miR-205-5p in the serum of CRC patients than in that of healthy controls (p<0.0001) and patients with benign disease (p<0.0001) was observed. Furthermore, the expression levels of exosomal miR-205-5p were signifcantly lower in early-stage CRC patients than in the comparison groups (p<0.001 and p<0.0001). Notably, the expression levels of exosomal miR-205-5p signifcantly increased postoperatively (p=0.0053).

    Conclusions The present study demonstrated that serum exosomal miR-205-5p may be a diagnostic biomarker for CRC.