The progress of tumor vaccines clinical trials in non‑small cell lung cancer

• Xiaomu Wang ^[1] ; Yunping Niu ^[2] ; Fang Bian ^[1]
  1. [1] Department of Pharmacy, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Special Preparation of Vitiligo, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Afliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
  2. [2] Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Xiangyang, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
• Localización: Clinical & translational oncology, ISSN 1699-048X, Vol. 27, Nº. 3, 2025, págs. 1062-1074
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a signifcant global health challenge, with high mortality rates and limited treatment options. Tumor vaccines have emerged as a potential therapeutic approach, aiming to stimulate the immune system to specifcally target tumor cells.

    Methods This study screened 283 clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov through July 31, 2023. After excluding data that did not meet the inclusion criteria, a total of 108 trials were assessed. Data on registered number, study title, study status, vaccine types, study results, conditions, interventions, outcome measures, sponsor, collaborators, drug target, phases, enrollment, start date, completion date and locations were extracted and analyzed.

    Results The number of vaccines clinical trials for NSCLC has continued to increase in recent years, the majority of which were conducted in the United States. Most of the clinical trials were at stages ranging from Phase I to Phase II. Peptide-based vaccines accounted for the largest proportion. Others include tumor cell vaccines, DNA/RNA vaccines, viral vector vaccines, and DC vaccines. Several promising tumor vaccine candidates have shown encouraging results in early-phase clinical trials. However, challenges such as heterogeneity of tumor antigens and immune escape mechanisms still need to be addressed.

    Conclusion Tumor vaccines represent a promising avenue in the treatment of NSCLC. Ongoing clinical trials are crucial for optimizing vaccine strategies and identifying the most efective combinations. Further research is needed to overcome existing limitations and translate these promising fndings into clinical practice, ofering new hope for NSCLC patients.