Income tax and employment: benefits of the Special Economic and Social Zone Regime

• Tolosa-Iscala , Paola Andrea ^[1] ; Niño-Mejías , Xiomara Isabel ^[1] ; Contreras-Durán , Manuel Alberto ^[1] ; Eslava-Zapata , Rolando ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Libre Colombia

     Universidad Libre Colombia

     Colombia

     
• Localización: Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias, ISSN-e 2953-4860, Vol. 4, Nº. 0, 2025
• Idioma: inglés
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen

  • Introduction: The Colombian government proposes the creation of special development zones to promote economic growth in vulnerable regions. The objective is to analyze the impact on income tax and employment generation in Norte de Santander due to the exclusion of coal mining companies from the benefits of the Special Economic and Social Zone regime.Method: A mixed research type is followed. The analysis consists of a bibliographic review supported by research articles published in the Scopus, Scielo, Science Direct, Dialnet, and Redalyc databases. In addition, Colombian regulations related to the Special Economic and Social Zone regime are analyzed, and relevant academic texts are consulted. The sample consists of six coal companies.Result: There is a significant difference in the capacity of both sectors to take advantage of the incentives offered by the Special Economic and Social Zone regime. While the producing companies achieved substantial growth thanks to their focus on labor-intensive activities, the marketing companies showed a more limited impact, possibly due to their lesser dependence on direct contracting. Conclusions: The exclusion of coal mining companies from the Special Economic and Social Zone regime during 2020-2023 has significant effects on the Norte de Santander region, limiting the potential of this key sector to contribute to economic development and employment generation.