Historical antecedents of the sociopolitical participative movements in Spain since the early seventies of last century. Though without trying to be very exhaustive, we will present some of the social movements which have used methods and action strategies that, by their form or contents, we can considerer as a precedent of the ones used by the present protest movements that we denominate collectively as "indignados" - indignez- vous movement”, indignant movement, or “15M movement” (the plural-international and restrictive-national versions respectively). Emergence of the 15M movement: dif- ferences and similarities with historical and modern social movements. Achievements and failures of the 15 Movement. Some of the consequences that have affected the democratic political system and more specifically the social movements, trade unions and left winged parties. Future scenarios and challenges.
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