Publication: Análisis del uso de las estrategias de memoria a lo largo de la vida: aplicación del Test de Estrategias de Memoria
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2022-05-23
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La evidencia científica señala la disminución progresiva de las funciones cognitivas a lo largo del proceso de envejecimiento. La preocupación por un funcionamiento cognitivo eficaz no sólo aparece en edades avanzadas, también las personas adultas presentan dificultades en capacidades cognitivas como la memoria o las funciones ejecutivas. Para lograr un mejor rendimiento de las capacidades cognitivas, especialmente la memoria, es necesario entre otras cuestiones el uso de estrategias de memoria, además de un estilo de vida activa y saludable que promueva niveles altos de reserva cognitiva. Aunque una de las quejas de salud más frecuentes en el envejecimiento está relacionada con la memoria, todavía no está claro si los déficits de memoria impiden el recuerdo o si también influye una deficiente organización de la información. El objetivo general de este trabajo fue estudiar el rendimiento en una tarea de evaluación de la memoria y las funciones ejecutivas mediante el Test de Estrategias de Memoria (TEM), para observar cómo cambia el uso de estrategias de memoria en diferentes etapas de la vida y detectar posibles alteraciones en el envejecimiento. Además, los objetivos específicos fueron investigar la importancia del efecto de primacía y recencia en esta prueba, estudiar la relación del TEM con otras pruebas de evaluación de la memoria y las funciones ejecutivas y analizar el papel de la reserva cognitiva en el desempeño de estas pruebas...
Scientific evidence has pointed to a progressive decline of cognitive functions throughout the aging process. The concern about effective cognitive functioning not only appears in advanced age, but also in those adults’ showing difficulties in cognitive behaviour, such as memory or executive functions. In order to improve those cognitive functions (emphasis in memory), the usage of specific memory strategies along with a healthy lifestyle will promote a better level of cognitive reserve. Although one of the most frequent health complaints caused by aging is related to poor memory, it is still unclear whether loss of memory impedes recall, or whether this is also due to poorly organized information.The general aim of this investigation was to study performance in a task that evaluates memory and executive functions through the Test of Memory Strategies (TMS) in order to observe how the usage of memory strategies change at different stages of life and detect possible variations in aging. In addition, the specific aims were to investigate the importance of the effect of primacy and recency in the TMS, to study the relationship of TMS with other tests that evaluates memory and executive functions, and also, to analyze the role of cognitive reserve on these tests...
Scientific evidence has pointed to a progressive decline of cognitive functions throughout the aging process. The concern about effective cognitive functioning not only appears in advanced age, but also in those adults’ showing difficulties in cognitive behaviour, such as memory or executive functions. In order to improve those cognitive functions (emphasis in memory), the usage of specific memory strategies along with a healthy lifestyle will promote a better level of cognitive reserve. Although one of the most frequent health complaints caused by aging is related to poor memory, it is still unclear whether loss of memory impedes recall, or whether this is also due to poorly organized information.The general aim of this investigation was to study performance in a task that evaluates memory and executive functions through the Test of Memory Strategies (TMS) in order to observe how the usage of memory strategies change at different stages of life and detect possible variations in aging. In addition, the specific aims were to investigate the importance of the effect of primacy and recency in the TMS, to study the relationship of TMS with other tests that evaluates memory and executive functions, and also, to analyze the role of cognitive reserve on these tests...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, leída el 16/02/2022