Publication: Estudio de la relación entre la mordida cruzada y la alteración en la trayectoria de los caninos superiores, inclinación del plano oclusal e inclinación de la comisura labial
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2021-12-23
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Introducción: La mordida cruzada posterior es un tipo de maloclusión transversal en la que las cúspides vestibulares de los dientes superiores ocluyen por lingual de las cúspides vestibulares de los dientes inferiores. en este estudio nos hemos centrado en aquellas que aparecen de forma unilateral. . Objetivos: Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron estudiar si la presencia de mordida cruzada posterior unilateral puede producir alteraciones en la inclinación de los caninos, la inclinación del plano oclusal o la inclinación de la comisura labial. Además comparamos la inclinación de los caninos del lado con mordida cruzada con respecto a los caninos del lado de ausencia de mordida cruzada. Metodología: Se dividió la muestra según su maloclusión transversal, la edad y sexo, y se obtuvieron 106 pacientes con mordida cruzada posterior unilateral y 41 pacientes de grupo control. A todos los pacientes se les había realizado un estudio de ortodoncia, del cual utilizamos la radiografía panorámica para medir la inclinación de los caninos y del plano oclusal; y la fotografía frontal en reposo para medir la inclinación de la comisura labial. Las mediciones se realizaron con un programa informático (tpsDig2) por dos observadores y los datos obtenidos se analizaron con el programa SPSS 22.0 para windows, utilizando para el análisis estadístico descriptivo test paramétricos (ANOVA) y test no paramétricos (Kruskal-Wallis). Resultados: Pudimos compreobar que el sexo no influye en la inclinación de los caninos, pero la edad sí que influía, teniendo la mayor diferencia entre el grupo de 6 años, con una menor inclinación, y el grupo de 8 años, siendo mayor su inclinación (p 0,05). esto ocurría por igual en los caninos del lado mordida cruzada, los caninos del lado de no mordida cruzada y los del grupo de control. Con respecto al plano oclusal, se observó que sí hay una relación entre la presencia de mordida cruzada y la inclinación del plano oclusal (p 0,037). Sin embargo, según nuestros resultados, la edad y el sexo no influyen en la inclinación del plano oclusal. Por último, analizamos la inclinación de la comisura labial. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la inclinación de la comisura labial en pacientes con mordida cruzada derecha o izquierda con respecto a los pacientes del grupo control (p 0,220). Tampoco obtuvimos diferencias en función de la edad o el sexo. Discusión: En la revisión bibliográfica no encontramos estudios similares con los que realizar la comparación de nuestros resultados, por lo que nos centramos en comparar la metodología del estudio y el análisis de los resultados con los estudios más similares al nuestro. Conclusiones: 1) No existe relación entre la presencia de mordida cruzada posterior unilateral y la alteración en la trayectoria eruptiva de los caninos superiores permanentes. 2) Hemos encontrado una relación entre la presencia de mordida cruzada posterior unilateral y alteración en la inclinación del plano oclusal. 3) No existe una relación entre la presencia de mordida cruzada posterior unilateral y alteración en la inclinación de la comisura labial. 4) No hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas al comparar la inclinación mesio-distal de los caninos superiores del lado sin mordida cruzada con la inclinación de los caninos superiores del lado con mordida cruzada. 5) Existe una diferencia en la inclinación de los caninos superiores entre los grupos de edad de 6 y 8 años, tanto cuando hay presencia de mordida cruzada posterior unilateral como en ausencia. 6)Hay una compensación por parte de los tejidos blandos en pacientes con mordida cruzada posterior unilateral. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios para confirmarlo.
The objectives of this work were to study whether the presence of a unilateral posteior crossbite can produce alterations in the inclination of the canines, the inclination of the occlusal plane or the inclination of the labial commisure. In addition, we compared the inclination of the canines on the side with a crossbite with respect to the canines on the side with no crossbite. Methodology: The sample was dicided according to their transverse malocclusion, age and sex, and 106 patients with unilateral posterior crossbite and 41 control group patients were obtained. All patients have been done an orthodontic study, from which we used panoramic radiograpphy to measure the inclination of the canines and the occlusal plane; and the frontal photograph to measure the inclination of the labial commisure. Measurements were made with a computer program (tpsDig2) by two observers and the data obtained were analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 program for windows, using parametric tests (ANOVA) and non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis) for descriptive statistical analysis. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in the inclination of the right and left canines in patients with a right crossbite compared to patients in the control group (p 0.475). The same occurrs when analyzing the canines when we refer to the left crossbite (p.0.30). However, it was observed that the left canine has a greater inclination than the right in the control group of patients (p.0.010). We were able to verify that sex did not influence the inclination of the canines but age did influence, with the greatest difference between the 6-year-old group, with a lower inclination, and the 8-year-old, with a greater inclination (p.0.05). This occurred equally in the canines on the crossbite side, the canines on the non-crossbite side and those of the control group. Regarding the occlusal plane, it was observed that there is a relationship between the presence of a crossbite and the inclination of the occlusal plane (p.0.037). However, according to our results, age and sex do not influence the inclination of the occlusal plane. Finally, we analyze the inclination of the lip cprner. In this study, no statistically significant differences were observed in the inclination of the labial comissure in patients with right or left crossbite compared to patients in the control group (p.0.220). We also did not obtained differences based on age or sex. Discussion: In the bibliographic review, we did not find similar studies to compare our results, so we focused on comparing the study methodology and the analysis of the results with the studies most similar to ours. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, we can conclude:1) There is no relationship between the presence of a unilateral posterior crossbite and the alteration in the eruptive trajectory of the permanent upper canines.2) It seems that there would be a relationship between the presence of a unilateral posterior crossbite and the alteration in the inclination of the occlusal plane.3) There is no relationship between the presence of a unilateral posterior crossbite and an alteration in the inclination of the labial commissure.4) There are no statistically significant differences when comparing the mesiodistal inclination of the upper canines on the side without crossbite with the inclination of the upper canines on the side crossbite.
The objectives of this work were to study whether the presence of a unilateral posteior crossbite can produce alterations in the inclination of the canines, the inclination of the occlusal plane or the inclination of the labial commisure. In addition, we compared the inclination of the canines on the side with a crossbite with respect to the canines on the side with no crossbite. Methodology: The sample was dicided according to their transverse malocclusion, age and sex, and 106 patients with unilateral posterior crossbite and 41 control group patients were obtained. All patients have been done an orthodontic study, from which we used panoramic radiograpphy to measure the inclination of the canines and the occlusal plane; and the frontal photograph to measure the inclination of the labial commisure. Measurements were made with a computer program (tpsDig2) by two observers and the data obtained were analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 program for windows, using parametric tests (ANOVA) and non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis) for descriptive statistical analysis. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in the inclination of the right and left canines in patients with a right crossbite compared to patients in the control group (p 0.475). The same occurrs when analyzing the canines when we refer to the left crossbite (p.0.30). However, it was observed that the left canine has a greater inclination than the right in the control group of patients (p.0.010). We were able to verify that sex did not influence the inclination of the canines but age did influence, with the greatest difference between the 6-year-old group, with a lower inclination, and the 8-year-old, with a greater inclination (p.0.05). This occurred equally in the canines on the crossbite side, the canines on the non-crossbite side and those of the control group. Regarding the occlusal plane, it was observed that there is a relationship between the presence of a crossbite and the inclination of the occlusal plane (p.0.037). However, according to our results, age and sex do not influence the inclination of the occlusal plane. Finally, we analyze the inclination of the lip cprner. In this study, no statistically significant differences were observed in the inclination of the labial comissure in patients with right or left crossbite compared to patients in the control group (p.0.220). We also did not obtained differences based on age or sex. Discussion: In the bibliographic review, we did not find similar studies to compare our results, so we focused on comparing the study methodology and the analysis of the results with the studies most similar to ours. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, we can conclude:1) There is no relationship between the presence of a unilateral posterior crossbite and the alteration in the eruptive trajectory of the permanent upper canines.2) It seems that there would be a relationship between the presence of a unilateral posterior crossbite and the alteration in the inclination of the occlusal plane.3) There is no relationship between the presence of a unilateral posterior crossbite and an alteration in the inclination of the labial commissure.4) There are no statistically significant differences when comparing the mesiodistal inclination of the upper canines on the side without crossbite with the inclination of the upper canines on the side crossbite.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, leída el 23-07-2021