Publication: Médicos y medicina en la obra de Ricardo Palma
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2017-09-20
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Ricardo Palma is a Peruvian writer that lived and developed his work between the XIX and XX centuries, since he was born in 1833 and died in 1919. He is the father of a new literary style, novel in his time, that he named "traditions" and to which he later added the adjective "peruvian", that had and still has a lot of readers and that were the origin of a great quantity of pieces written by other writers, inspired by the “Tradiciones Peruanas” style along the vast Hispanoamerican territory. In his "traditions" he was inspired by facts -in many occassions real facts- of the history of Peru, gathered in old chronics, popular legends, all type of original documents and even the verbal tradition. With this baggage he created short pieces through which the reader is encountered with the Peruvian history, especially with what the French refer to as the "petite histoire" and through that get well acquainted with the facts and the circumstances in which they were developed. His condition as Director, position that he held for many years, of the National Library of Peru, that he himself made a reality and that he rebuilt following the chillean occupation of Lima, allowed him to remain close to the primary and secondary sources that he used to compose his written legacy. I took the caution to set the bases, right from the beginning of this work, to what we could call "historicity", that is the "credibility" or "credit" that the work of Palma offers us when it comes to considering the facts described through it as real and veridic. For that reason, I have wanted to proceed with a wide review of the thinking of a large number of experts on his work, regarding precisely this "historicity". I initiated this work by reading carefully and slowly the "Peruvian Traditions", following my realization -through prior readings of some of his work- of the fact that the author mentioned with relative frequency and made reference to episodes where there was medical or healthcare content, understood in a broad context, and not limiting to the medical profession that live through his work, where there are also repeated mentions to other related terms such as barbers, surgeons, pharmacists or about hospitals or healthcare facilities, epidemics, medicinal herbs, “curanderismo” or popular medicine (traditional native healer or shaman’s activities) or around medical literature or even the teaching of Medicine. I also read his "Traditions in green sauce", in which in a tone unusual for what was accustomed at the time, that today could be considered light, several health related topics are mentioned, even if in passing...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 21-01-2016