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The roles and therapeutic approaches of MSC-derived exosomes in colorectal cancer

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in both men and women, accounting for 8% of all new cancer cases in both. CRC is typically diagnosed at advanced stages, which leads to a higher mortality rate. The 5-year survival rate for CRC is 64% in all cases and just 12% in metastatic cases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most recent approaches for therapeutic interventions in cancer. MSCs have multiple properties, including paracrine signaling, immunologic functions, and the ability to migrate to the targeted tissue. MSCs can produce and secrete exosomes in tumor microenvironments. These exosomes can transfer compounds across tumor cells, stromal cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Studies showed that modified MCS-derived exosomes have enhanced specificity, reduced immunogenicity, and better targeting capabilities in comparison to other frequently used delivery systems such as liposomes. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive view of the role of natural MSC-derived exosomes in CRC, as well as the most current and prospective advancements in MSC-derived exosome therapeutic modifications.

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Funding

The research is supported by: Scientific research project of Hebei administration of traditional Chinese Medicine: Clinical observation on the treatment of left hemicolon active ulcerative colitis by removing blood stasis and clearing intestines (No. 2021242).

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  1. Anorectal, Shijiazhuang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China

    Jie Yang & Liman Zhang

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JY: Contributed to the idea design, literature search, writing and editing. LZ: wrote parts of the manuscript and contributed to designing the figures.

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Yang, J., Zhang, L. The roles and therapeutic approaches of MSC-derived exosomes in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 24, 959–967 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-021-02750-2

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