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Maternal and neonatal FTO rs9939609 polymorphism affect insulin sensitivity markers and lipoprotein profile at birth in appropriate-for-gestational-age term neonates

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Abstract

The influence of maternal fat mass and obesity (FTO) gene polymorphism on neonatal insulin sensitivity/resistance biomarkers and lipoprotein profile has not been tested. The study aimed to assess the association between the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism in mother-neonate couples and neonatal anthropometrical measurements, insulin sensitivity/resistance, and lipid and lipoprotein concentrations at birth. Fifty-three term, appropriate-for-gestational-age, Caucasian newborns together with their respective mothers participated in a cross-sectional study. Sixty-six percent of mothers and neonates carried the A allele (being AA or AT). TT mothers gained less weight during pregnancy, but non-significant maternal gene influence was found for neonatal bodyweight, body mass index, or ponderal index. Neonates from AA + AT mothers showed lower glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) but higher homeostatic model assessment insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS) and homocysteine than neonates whose mothers were TT. AA + AT neonates had higher insulin and HOMA-IR than TT. The genotype neonatal × maternal association was tested in the following four groups of neonates: TT neonates × TT mothers (nTT × mTT), TT neonates × AA + AT mothers (nTT × mAA + AT), AA + AT neonates × TT mothers (nAA + AT × mTT), and AA + AT neonates × AA + AT mothers (nAA + AT × mAA + AT). Non-significant interactions between neonatal and maternal alleles were found for any parameter tested. However, maternal alleles affected significantly glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and homocysteine while neonatal alleles the arylesterase activity. Most significant differences were found between nATT + AA × mTT and nATT + AA × mAA + AT. Glycemia, insulinemia, and HOMA-IR were lower, while the Mediterranean diet adherence (MDA) was higher in the mAA + AT vs. mTT whose children were AA + AT. This dietary fact seems to counterbalance the potential negative effect on glucose homeostasis of the obesogenic A allele in neonates.

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Abbreviations

AE:

Arylesterase

AGA:

Appropriate for gestational age

Apo:

Apolipoprotein

BMI:

Body mass index

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

FTO :

Fat mass and obesity-associated gene

GDM:

Gestational diabetes

HDLc:

Cholesterol transported by high-density lipoproteins

HEI:

Healthy eating index

HOMA-IR:

Homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance

HOMA-IS:

Homeostatic model assessment insulin sensitivity

IR:

Insulin resistance

LDLc:

Cholesterol transported by low-density lipoproteins

oxLDL:

Oxidized LDL

mAA + AT:

Mothers carrying the FTO rs9939609 A allele

MDA:

Mediterranean diet adherence

MS:

Metabolic syndrome

mTT:

Mothers homozygous for the FTO rs9939609 T allele

nAA + AT:

Neonates carrying the FTO rs9939609 A allele

nTT:

Neonates homozygous for the FTO rs9939609 T allele

PI:

Ponderal index

QUICKI:

Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index

SNP:

Single-nucleotide polymorphism

T2DM:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

TC:

Total cholesterol

tHcys:

Homocysteine

TG:

Triglycerides

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Spanish AGL-2011 29644-C02-02 and CIBER 06/03/035 projects and the Research group of the UCM No. 920536. Thanks are due to the Gynecology and Obstetrics and Laboratory Services of Mérida Hospital (Spain), participant mothers and neonates, and Carmen Bravo from Departamento de Apoyo a la Investigación from the UCM. All authors have significantly contributed to the paper and agree with the present version of the manuscript. FJSM, the corresponding author and guarantor of the paper, has contributed to the study design, data discussion, and writing; EG to data acquisition, analysis, discussion, and writing of the paper; CO-A and MG to data acquisition and analysis; SB to the study design and data discussion; and DC contributed to data discussion and writing of the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Eva Gesteiro, Francisco J. Sánchez-Muniz & Sara Bastida

  2. Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital de Mérida, Polígono Nueva Ciudad s/n, 06800, Mérida (Badajoz), Spain

    Eva Gesteiro

  3. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, ISCIII, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain

    Carolina Ortega-Azorín, Marisa Guillén & Dolores Corella

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  1. Eva Gesteiro
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  2. Francisco J. Sánchez-Muniz
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  3. Carolina Ortega-Azorín
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  4. Marisa Guillén
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  5. Dolores Corella
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  6. Sara Bastida
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Correspondence to Francisco J. Sánchez-Muniz.

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Gesteiro, E., Sánchez-Muniz, F.J., Ortega-Azorín, C. et al. Maternal and neonatal FTO rs9939609 polymorphism affect insulin sensitivity markers and lipoprotein profile at birth in appropriate-for-gestational-age term neonates. J Physiol Biochem 72, 169–181 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-016-0467-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-016-0467-7

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