Resumen de Anàlisi experimental de la problemàtica de càrrega-descàrrega de acee aplicables en transports
lt's a well-known fact that the flywheel stores energy inside, and this energy is proportional to the rotational speed and the moment of inertia. lf the moment of inertia increases, the energy increases in the same proportion to it. But if the rotational speed increases, the energy increases in the quadratic portian. Then, the faster the rotation, the greater the energy storage becomes.
lf it engages an electric machine with a flywheel, this is Kinetic storage. The electric machine will behave as a motor in the loading process and also as a generator in the download process. Far that, the electric motor's efficiency has to be higher in both directions.
In this dissertation, we took a look at different types of public transports, such as cars, busses, trams, trains and metros to install an electric energy store. Metros and trains both have higher mass and speed than the rest transports, far that, reason they have greater possibility be fitted with the electrical energy kinetic storage. This machine could save a lot energy in the braking process with these public transport types. Furthermore, the frequency (or repetitive) of the braking process in each station help to save more energy. In this way, the electrical energy kinetic store could be a feasible, effective and cost effective system.
In fact, there are two options of installation: On board or fixe. Both options have their technical advantages and disadvantages (commented in this dissertation). But, we don't have any the information about the cost-effectiveness because public transport operating companies are keeping it to themselves.
This dissertation goes further and it studies the possibility to install or apply the electrical energy kinetic storage on ships. The two main reasons are the following: modern vessels move by electrical energy (not by mechanical engines) with new propulsion systems and the waves always affect the speed to the vessel. Ship's speed fluctuate constantly making speed variations are more frequent, repetitive and constant that we thought it. Waves directly affect ships' propulsion systems and this greatly increases energy consumption.
Electrical energy kinetic storage gains and stores energy from propulsion system, as the ship comes down a wave which is later returned as the ship climbs back up. This system helps always aids the ship's propulsion system. The energy interchange between both systems will be constant and frequent (on any given wave). And the electrical energy kinetic storage will adapt to the instantaneous needs of the ship because this system returns the energy required by the vessel at all times. As we can see, this application could have a high possibilities to success making it a viable option.
To avoid any interference with the vessel's propulsion systems, the energy save installation will be a complementary system with another propulsion system located at the ship's hull. Furthermore to support ship propulsion, this could help to stabilize the ship on any wave with a special program. Then, the electrical energy kinetic storage will save energy consumption and will be a comfort system when waves are bigger.
A prototype (designed and built far this dissertation) has a flywheel of steel with 35kg of weight and 22,SKJ energy store capacity at 1.500rpm. We had sorne loading and download tests over a 100% electric car. We simulated loads to the electrical energy kinetic storage from car brake energy. But the energy was smaller than expected because only the rotational masses accumulated energy and the car failed to run.
We have verífied in the tests, the high load and down load power in the firsts moments. The load and download power reached at round 11SkW and the mean power arrived at 11,6kW. As we see it, the power is high and the current is high too in the first seconds. This forces everything to oversize, from the electric machine to the electronic equipment.
