Publication: Aplicación de probióticos en la población materno-infantil: efectos microbiológicos, inmunológicos y bioquímicos
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2018-11-06
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Nuestro conocimiento de la estructura y dinámica de la comunidad microbiana es esencial para obtener una comprensión del desarrollo humano y su fisiología. La importancia de esta comunidad es tal que algunos autores la consideran un órgano en sí misma, con una serie de funciones imprescindibles para nuestra vida. En los últimos años se han realizado numerosos estudios para evaluar la composición del microbioma asociado a las diferentes mucosas y epitelios del cuerpo humano y a los diferentes fluidos biológicos asociados a las mismas.En el caso de la leche humana, su microbiota parece desempeñar un papel relevante en el proceso de transmisión vertical de microorganismos que se produce durante las primeras etapas de la vida, por lo que su estudio es particularmente relevante. La aplicación de técnicas dependientes de cultivo ha mostrado que las mastitis que se producen durante la lactancia se caracterizan por una notable alteración en la composición cuantitativa y cualitativa de la microbiota de la leche humana. Sin embargo, hasta la fecha no se había realizado ningún estudio metagenómico específicamente enfocado en esta patología. Por ello, en la primera parte de esta Tesis Doctoral se recogieron muestras de leche humana de 10 mujeres sanas y de 10 mujeres con síntomas de mastitis, se extrajo el ADN y se sometió a un análisis metagenómico empleando la plataforma de pirosecuenciación 454 (Roche)...
Our knowledge of the structure and dynamics of the microbial community is essential to understand human development and its physiology. The importance of this community is such that some authors consider it an organ itself, with several essential functions for our life. Numerous studies have been carried out in the recent years to evaluate the composition of the microbiome associated to the different mucous and epithelia in the human body and the different biological fluids associated with them.In the case of human milk, its microbiota seems to play a relevant role in the process of vertical transmission of microorganisms during the early stages of life, so its study is particularly relevant. The application of culture-dependent techniques has shown that lactacional mastitis is characterized by a strong alteration in the quantitative and qualitative composition of the human milk microbiota. However, to date no metagenomic studies specifically focused on this pathology have been performed. Therefore, in this Doctoral Thesis, human milk samples were collected from 10 healthy women and 10 from women with mastitis symptoms, the DNA was extracted and subjected to a metagenomic analysis using 454 pyrosequencing platform (Roche)...
Our knowledge of the structure and dynamics of the microbial community is essential to understand human development and its physiology. The importance of this community is such that some authors consider it an organ itself, with several essential functions for our life. Numerous studies have been carried out in the recent years to evaluate the composition of the microbiome associated to the different mucous and epithelia in the human body and the different biological fluids associated with them.In the case of human milk, its microbiota seems to play a relevant role in the process of vertical transmission of microorganisms during the early stages of life, so its study is particularly relevant. The application of culture-dependent techniques has shown that lactacional mastitis is characterized by a strong alteration in the quantitative and qualitative composition of the human milk microbiota. However, to date no metagenomic studies specifically focused on this pathology have been performed. Therefore, in this Doctoral Thesis, human milk samples were collected from 10 healthy women and 10 from women with mastitis symptoms, the DNA was extracted and subjected to a metagenomic analysis using 454 pyrosequencing platform (Roche)...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, leída el 18-12-2017