Resumen de De Althusser a Gramsci. «Coyuntura» y «primacía de la política» en las “notas” de Juan Carlos Portantiero
- español
El presente trabajo se propone identificar los rasgos específicos del marxismo de Antonio Gramsci en la lectura realizada por Juan Carlos Portantiero a partir de las categorías de «coyuntura» y «primacía de la política» en su ensayo “Gramsci y el análisis de coyuntura (algunas notas)”. Para ello, en un primer momento, se revisan críticamente los desarrollos de Louis Althusser, cuyos tempranos aportes teóricos son recuperados por Portantiero para caracterizar a Gramsci como “teórico de la coyuntura”. En un segundo momento, se reconstruyen las posiciones del propio Portantiero, mostrando que su invocación de los aportes althusserianos le permiten aprehender elementos nucleares de la propuesta gramsciana de interpretación del marxismo como una “ciencia de la política”, especialmente en función de la especificación del concepto de «política», así como de la estructuración de lo social como una trama de relaciones de fuerza condensada en el Estado, entendido como «sistema hegemónico». El trabajo concluye con una retorno a la polémica althusseriana sobre la relación Hegel-Marx desde la perspectiva gramsciana de la «traducibilidad».
- English
This paper aims to identify the specific features of Antonio Gramsci's Marxism in the interpretation produced by Juan Carlos Portantiero in his essay ‘Gramsci y el análisis de coyuntura (algunas notas)’ though the categories of «conjuncture» and «primacy of politics». For this purpose, first of all, we critically review the positions of Louis Althusser, whose early theoretical contributions are brought up by Portantiero to characterize Gramsci as a ‘theoretician of the conjuncture’. Secondly, Portantiero's own positions are reconstructed, showing that his invocation of Althusser's contributions allows him to grasp core elements of Gramsci's proposal for the interpretation of Marxism as a ‘science of politics’, especially in terms of the specification of the concept of ‘politics’, as well as the structuring of the social as a frame of relations of force condensed in the State, understood as a ‘hegemonic system’. The paper concludes with a return to the Althusserian polemic on the Hegel-Marx relation from the Gramscian perspective of «This paper aims to identify the specific features of Antonio Gramsci's Marxism in the interpretation produced by Juan Carlos Portantiero in his essay ‘Gramsci y el análisis de coyuntura (algunas notas)’ though the categories of «conjuncture» and «primacy of politics». For this purpose, first of all, we critically review the positions of Louis Althusser, whose early theoretical contributions are brought up by Portantiero to characterize Gramsci as a ‘theoretician of the conjuncture’. Secondly, Portantiero's own positions are reconstructed, showing that his invocation of Althusser's contributions allows him to grasp core elements of Gramsci's proposal for the interpretation of Marxism as a ‘science of politics’, especially in terms of the specification of the concept of ‘politics’, as well as the structuring of the social as a frame of relations of force condensed in the State, understood as a ‘hegemonic system’. The paper concludes with a return to the Althusserian polemic on the Hegel-Marx relation from the Gramscian perspective of «translatability».».
