Prevalence and time trends of symptoms of allergic rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis in Spanish children: Global Asthma Network (GAN) study

• Alberto Bercedo-Sanz ^[1] ; Antonela Martínez-Torres ^[3] ; Angel López-Silvarrey Varela ^[4] ; Francisco Javier Pellegrini Belinchón ^[2] ; Ines Aguinaga-Ontoso ^[5] ; Carlos González Díaz ^[6] ; Luis García-Marcos ^[7] ; Grupo GAN Spain
  1. [1] Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla

     Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla

     Santander, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad de Salamanca

     Universidad de Salamanca

     Salamanca, España

     
  3. [3] Unidad de Neumología y Alergia Pediátrica y Grupo de Investigación en Enfermería, Hospital Infantil Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria IMIB, Murcia, España
  4. [4] Fundación María José Jove, Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), La Coruña, España
  5. [5] Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, España; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Navarra, España
  6. [6] Unidad de Alergia Infantil, Hospital Universitario Basurto, Bilbao, Vizcaya, España
  7. [7] Unidad de Neumología y Alergia Pediátrica Hospital Infantil Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria IMIB, Murcia, España

  Mostrar afiliaciones +
• Localización: Allergologia et immunopathologia: International journal for clinical and investigate allergology and clinical immunology, ISSN-e 1578-1267, ISSN 0301-0546, Vol. 51, Nº. 5, 2023, págs. 1-11
• Idioma: inglés
• Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
• Resumen

  • Introduction: The time trends of the prevalence of rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis and nasal allergy previously described in the ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) in 2002 are unknown; or if the geographical or age differences in Spain persist.

    Objective: To describe the prevalence of rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis and nasal allergy in different Spanish geographical areas and compare them with those of the ISAAC.

    Methods: Cross-sectional study of the prevalence of rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis and nasal allergy, carried out in 2016-2019 on 19943 adolescents aged 13-14 years and 17215 schoolchildren aged 6-7 years from six Spanish areas (Cartagena, Bilbao, Cantabria, La Coruña, Pamplona, and Salamanca), through a questionnaire based on the Global Asthma Network (GAN) protocol.

    Results: The prevalences of recent rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis (last 12 months), and nasal allergy/hay fever were 35.1%, 17.6%, and 14.6% in the adolescents and 20%, 8.5%, and 8.9% in the schoolchildren, respectively, with rhinoconjunctivitis in adolescents varying from 20.9% in Bilbao to 13.4% in Cartagena; and in schoolchildren, from 9.8% in La Coruña to 6.4% in Pamplona. These prevalences of rhinoconjunctivitis and nasal allergy in adolescents were higher than those described in the ISAAC (16.3% and 13%) and similar in schoolchildren to the ISAAC (9% and 9.4%).

    Conclusions: There has been a stabilisation of rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis and nasal allergy in schoolchildren that slows the previous upward trend of ISAAC; and a slight non-significant increase in rhinoconjunctivitis and nasal allergy in adolescents. The variability found in adolescents would require local research to be better understood.