Cultural differences in how people deal with ridicule and laughter: differential item functioning between the taiwanese chinese and canadian english versions of the PhoPhiKat-45

• Chloe Lau ; Taylor Swindall ^[1] ; Francesca Chiesi ^[2] ; Lena C. Quilty ; Hsueh-Chih Chen ^[3] ; Yu-Chen Chan ^[4] ; Willibald Ruch ^[5] ; René Proyer ^[6] ; Francesco Bruno ; Donald H. Saklofske ^[1] ; Jorge Torres Marín ^[7]
  1. [1] University of Western Ontario

     University of Western Ontario

     Canadá

     
  2. [2] University of Florence

     University of Florence

     Firenze, Italia

     
  3. [3] National Taiwan Normal University

     National Taiwan Normal University

     Taiwán

     
  4. [4] National Tsing Hua University

     National Tsing Hua University

     Taiwán

     
  5. [5] University of Zurich

     University of Zurich

     Zürich, Suiza

     
  6. [6] Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg

     Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg

     Kreisfreie Stadt Halle, Alemania

     
  7. [7] Universitat de Barcelona

     Universitat de Barcelona

     Barcelona, España

     

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• Localización: EJIHPE: European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, ISSN 2174-8144, ISSN-e 2254-9625, Vol. 13, Nº. 2, 2023, págs. 238-258
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • The PhoPhiKat-45 measures three dispositions toward ridicule and laughter, including gelotophobia (i.e., the fear of being laughed at), gelotophilia (i.e., the joy of being laughed at), and katagelasticism (i.e., the joy of laughing at others). Despite numerous cultural adaptations, there is a paucity of cross-cultural studies investigating measurement invariance of this measure.

    Undergraduate students from a Canadian university (N = 1467; 71.4% females) and 14 universities in Taiwan (N = 1274; 64.6% females) completed the English and Chinese PhoPhiKat-45 measures, respectively. Item response theory and differential item functioning analyses demonstrated that most items were well-distributed across the latent continuum. Five of 45 items were flagged for DIF, but all values had negligible effect sizes (McFadden’s pseudo R 2 < 0.13). The Canadian sample was further subdivided into subsamples who identified as European White born in Canada (n = 567) and Chinese born in China, Hong Kong, or Taiwan (n = 180). In the subgroup analyses, no evidence of DIF was found. Findings support the utility of this measure across these languages and samples.