Metanol-intoxikazioa: diagnostiko kliniko, analitiko eta tratamendu azkarren beharra

• de Alba Iriarte, Beñat ^[1] ; Lopez Barba, Noelia ^[1] ; Gaztelumendi Eguiguren, Eztitxu ^[1] ; Zubia Olascoaga, Felix ^[1] ; Vives Almandoz, Maria Asuncion ^[1] ; Gil Rodriguez, Eva Lorea ^[1] ; Aguillo Garcia, Miren Arantza ^[1] ; Barado Hualde, Jesus ^[1]
  1. [1] Donostia Unibertsitate Ospitalea
• Localización: Osagaiz: osasun-zientzien aldizkaria, ISSN-e 2530-9412, Vol. 5, Nº. 1 (Ekaina), 2021, págs. 41-54
• Idioma: euskera
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Methanol intoxication: the importance of early clinical and analytical diagnosis and treatment
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • euskara

    Metanol-intoxikazioa morbilitate handia duen egoera da, nahasmendu metaboliko larriak, itsutasuna eta disfuntzio neurologiko garrantzitsuak eragin ditzakeena. Hori dela eta, diagnostikoa eta tratamendua garaiz ezarri behar dira. Azkenaldian, metanol-intoxikazio kasuen hazkundea antzeman dugu gure ingurunean (% 50 azken urtean) eta gure ospitalean, gehientsuenetan bezala, ez dago metanola neurtzeko analisi-teknikarik eskuragarri.Horregatik, artikulu honetan ospitalean berriki izan diren lau kasu kliniko aurkezten ditugu, gaixo hauen maneiuari eta datu kliniko eta analitikoei dagokien informazio garrantzitsuena aztertuz. Gure helburua zera da: batzuetan zehazten zaila den diagnostiko goiztiarra ezartzeko estrategia baliagarria garatzea.Intoxikazio mota honen hilkortasun-tasa handia izanik eta tratamendua badagoela jakinik, metanol-intoxikazioa berehala identifikatzea garrantzitsua da. Azaldutako kasu klinikoak aztertu ondoren, emaitzek adierazi zuten susmo kliniko handia, azidosi metabolikoa eta anion gap eta osmol gap  altuak diagnostiko goiztiarra egitea ahalbidetzen duten ezaugarriak direla.

  • English

    Methanol intoxication is an infrequent condition associated with high morbidity that can cause severe metabolic disturbances, blindness, and important neurological dysfunction potentially life threatening. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment is required to obtain the best possible result for the patient. Recently, an increase in cases of methanol intoxication has been observed in our environment (50% in the last year) and in our hospital, as in most of them, specific analysis techniques for methanol are not available.This is why in this article we present four recent clinical cases that occurred in our hospital: to analyze the most relevant information derived from the management of these patients and their clinical and laboratory data. Our objective is to develop a valid strategy in order to facilitate obtaining an early diagnosis sometimes difficult to achieve.Due to the potential mortality of this poisoning and the existence of treatment, it is important to recognize methanol intoxication immediately. After analyzing the exposed clinical cases, the results indicated that a high index of suspicion and the presence of metabolic acidosis associated with an elevated anion gap and osmol gap and are characteristic findings that allow an early diagnosis.