The discovery ofo new Upper Villafranehian site located in the Guadix-Baza Basin (Granada, Spain) has provide excellent fossil material that belongs to adults and immatures individuals of a hyaenid never founded before out of the african continent: the species Hyaena (Parahyaena) brunnea. The anatomical and metrical characters allows to clasify this taxon as this scavenger hyaena, distinguished from the extinct genus Pachycroeuta. The presence of Hyaena (Parahyaena) brunnea in the Upper Pliocene of the Iberian Peninsula represents an outstanding data from the paleobiogeographic point of view, and allows to include a new african taxon to the Homo event, dated near to the Plio-Pleistocene boundary.
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