Preoperative Cognitive Impairment As a Predictor of Postoperative Outcomes in a Collaborative Care Model

• Autores: Kahli Zietlow, Shelley R. McDonald, Richard Sloane, Effrey Browndyke, Sandhya Lagoo Deenadayalan, Mitchell T. Heflin
• Localización: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, ISSN 0002-8614, Vol. 66, Nº. 3, 2018, págs. 584-589
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Objectives To compare postoperative outcomes of individuals with and without cognitive impairment enrolled in the Perioperative Optimization of Senior Health (POSH) program at Duke University, a comanagement model involving surgery, anesthesia, and geriatrics.

    Design Retrospective analysis of individuals enrolled in a quality improvement program.

    Setting Tertiary academic center.

    Participants Older adults undergoing surgery and referred to POSH (N = 157).

    Measurements Cognitive impairment was defined as a score less than 25 out of 30 (adjusted for education) on the St. Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Examination. Median length of stay (LOS), mean number of postoperative complications, rates of postoperative delirium (POD, %), 30‐day readmissions (%), and discharge to home (%) were compared using bivariate analysis.

    Results Seventy percent of participants met criteria for cognitive impairment (mean SLUMS score 20.3 for those with cognitive impairment and 27.7 for those without). Participants with and without cognitive impairment did not significantly differ in demographic characteristics, number of medications (including anticholinergics and benzodiazepines), or burden of comorbidities. Participants with and without cognitive impairment had similar LOS (P = .99), cumulative number of complications (P = .70), and 30‐day readmission (P = .20). POD was more common in those with cognitive impairment (31% vs 24%), but the difference was not significant (P = .34). Participants without cognitive impairment had higher rates of discharge to home (80.4% vs 65.1%, P = .05).

    Conclusion Older adults with and without cognitive impairment referred to the POSH program fared similarly on most postoperative outcomes. Individuals with cognitive impairment may benefit from perioperative geriatric comanagement. Questions remain regarding the validity of available measures of cognition in the preoperative period.