El recurso administrativo en España, salvo excepciones, no cumple ninguna de las funciones que justifica su existencia: el autocontrol de la Administración y la garantía del particular para prevenir conflictos. El recurso de alzada obligatorio y no suspensivo constituye una institución autoritaria. La reforma del recurso debe centrarse en aquellos ámbitos en los que el juez administrativo no puede conferir una tutela real. Solo en esos campos tiene sentido la constitución de órganos funcionalmente independientes para resolver recursos. En el resto, los recursos deberían ser potestativos.
The administrative appeal in Spain does not generally fulfill the goals that justify its existence, i.e. to function as a self-restraint of the Agencies� powers and as a guarantee of the avoidance of future conflicts for the citizen. Compulsory administrative appeals in Spain function as some sort of authoritarian institution. There is a need to reform this institution and particularly so in those fields where the ordinary administrative courts cannot confer an adequate level of scrutiny and protection. Only in those fields it makes sense to have administrative review bodies which are functionally independent. In all the rest of cases, administrative appeals should be discretionary and not a compulsory step before accessing the ordinary courts.
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