Insulin and Fiber Type in the Offspring of T2DM Subjects with Resistance Training and Detraining.

• Autores: Hamish R. Osborne, Katherine L. Schofield, Nancy J. Rehrer, Tracy L. Perry, Angus A. Ross, Jesper L. Andersen
• Localización: Medicine & Science in Sports & exercise: Official Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine, ISSN 0195-9131, Vol. 44, Nº. 12, 2012, págs. 2131-2139
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • AB Purpose: Effects of resistance training and detraining on glucose and insulin responses to an oral glucose load, muscle fiber type, and muscular performance in the offspring of those with type 2 diabetes (familial insulin resistant (FIR)) were investigated. Methods: Six FIR participants and 10 controls (C) completed 9 wk of resistance training and 9 wk of detraining. Measures of strength and power, an oral glucose tolerance test, and a muscle biopsy to determine myosin heavy chain (MHC) fiber composition were taken at baseline (T1), after training (T2), and after detraining (T3). Results: Three-repetition maximum increased (P <= 0.001) similarly in both groups in all strength measures, e.g., leg press (FIR T1, T2: 121 +/- 34 kg, 186 +/- 50 kg; C T1, T2: 137 +/- 42 kg, 206 +/- 64 kg, respectively (means +/- SD)). Wingate peak power increased (FIR T1, T2: 505 +/- 137 W, 523 +/- 143 W; C T1, T2: 636 +/- 211 W, 672 +/- 223 W, respectively; P <= 0.005 (means +/- SD)). Training reduced insulin area under the curve more (P = 0.050) in FIR (T1, T2: 1219 +/- 734 pmol[middle dot]L-1, 837 +/- 284 pmol[middle dot]L-1, respectively (means +/- SD)) than that in C (T1, T2: 647 +/- 268 pmol[middle dot]L-1, 635 +/- 258 pmol[middle dot]L-1, respectively (means +/- SD)). MHC distribution did not change with training. Strength (three-repetition maximum measures) decreased with detraining (P <= 0.001) although Wingate power did not. Detraining increased insulin area under the curve (P = 0.018) in FIR (T2, T3: 837 +/- 285 pmol[middle dot]L-1, 1040 +/- 194 pmol[middle dot]L-1, respectively (means +/- SD)) but not in C (T2, T3: 635 +/- 258 pmol[middle dot]L-1, 625 +/- 213 pmol[middle dot]L-1, respectively (means +/- SD)). MHC IIX fibers increased with detraining (P = 0.026). Conclusion: FIR appears to have exaggerated responses to resistance training and detraining, with a greater reduction in insulin release with glucose ingestion after training and increase when training ceases. Resistance training has a significant effect on insulin responses and may reduce future risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among FIR.