Picture-Based Memory Impairment Screen for Dementia

• Autores: Joe Verghese, Mohan Noone, Beena Johnson, Anne F. Ambrose, Cuiling Wang, Herman Buschke, Vayyattu G. Pradeep, Kizhakkaniyakath Abdul Salam, Kunnukatil S. Shaji, Pavagada S. Mathuranath
• Localización: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, ISSN 0002-8614, Vol. 60, Nº. 11, 2012, págs. 2116-2120
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Objectives: To develop and validate a picture-based memory impairment screen (PMIS) for the detection of dementia.

    Design: Cross-sectional.

    Setting: Outpatient clinics, Baby Memorial Hospital, Kozhikode city in the southern Indian state of Kerala.

    Participants: Three hundred four community-residing adults aged 55 to 94 with a mean education level of 8 years; 65 were diagnosed with dementia.

    Measurements: PMIS: a culture-fair picture-based cognitive screen designed to be administered by nonspecialists. Diagnostic accuracy estimates (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive power) of PMIS cut-scores in detecting dementia (range 0�8).

    Results: PMIS scores were worse in participants with dementia (1.5) than in controls (7.7, P < .001). At the optimal cut-score of 5, PMIS had a sensitivity of 95.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 90.3�100.0%) and a specificity of 99.2% (95% CI = 98.0�100.0%) for detecting dementia. In the 167 participants with <10 years of education, PMIS scores of five or less had a sensitivity of 97.8% (95% CI = 93.6�100.0%) and specificity of 99.2% (95% CI = 97.6�100.0%). The PMIS had better specificity than the Mini-Mental State Examination in detecting dementia, especially in older adults with low education.

    Conclusion: The PMIS is a brief and reliable screen for dementia in elderly populations with variable literacy rates.