Resumen de Análisis no paramétrico de la eficiencia técnica de las explotaciones lecheres en Galicia: el papel de la concentración parcelaria

Alfonso Ribas Álvarez, Claudio López Garrido, Gonzalo Flores Calvete

• español

  En este trabajo utilizamos el análisis envolvente de datos (DEA) para estimar la eficiencia técnica de una muestra de 72 explotaciones lecheras, de la comarca interior de la provincia de la Coruña (Galicia). Pretendemos evaluar si existen diferencias significativas en la eficiencia técnica entre las explotaciones concentradas (CP) y las no concentradas (NCP). La eficiencia técnica cuando aplicamos el DEA es de 90,1 por ciento para las NCP y de 87,6 para las CP bajo el modelo de rendimientos constantes a escala (CRS) y de 92,4 por ciento y 93,1 por ciento bajo el modelo de rendimientos variables a escala (VRS). La eficiencia técnica de las explotaciones es alta. No se encontraron diferencias significativas para las explotaciones concentradas y no concentradas. No se encuentra evidencia de la existencia de efectos positivos del tamaño de la explotación en la eficiencia técnica. Operando en la frontera de producción eficiente las explotaciones NCP podrían reducir sus imputs como mínimo en un 7,6 por ciento y las CP en un 6,9 por ciento.

• English

  The Spanish governments applied the land consolidation policy during the last 60 years to achieve the structural reform of the Spanish farms. There are many studies that point out the positive effects of such policy which caused improvements in the farms management and land (reducing the plot number and increasing it size, improving the roads and accesses and inducing to a better use of inputs within consolidated farms). But, as we know, there is not any study which analyzes the technical efficiency in the consolidated farms (CP) and compares it with the technical efficiency achieved by nonrestructured farms (NCP). This work uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) to compute technical efficiency measures of 72 dairy farms located in the northwest of Spain (Galicia). Two groups of farms were considered and compared: one consisting of the farms restructured according to the land consolidation operations carried out in the past (group CP), and the other was formed by the non-restructured ones (group NCP). The objective was to assess the differences in technical efficiency between both groups. The average values of the technical efficiency scores calculated under the specification of constant returns to scale (CRS) were 87.6 for CP and 90.1 for NCP; while those values but determined under the specification of variable returns to scale (VRS) were 93.1 and 92.4 respectively.

  The results failed to prove a significant relationship between land consolidation and farms technical efficiency. There is a positive relation ship between technical efficiency and use of forages in animal feeding, and berween technical efficiency and yield per cow and hectare, and there is a negative relationship between technical efficiency and use of concentrate feeds