Vegetation cover and human impact. A comparison of the Almarchal region (Campo de Gibraltar, Spain) and the Tangier Hinterland (Moroco)

• Ulrich Deil ^[1]
  1. [1] University of Bayreuth

     University of Bayreuth

     Kreisfreie Stadt Bayreuth, Alemania

     
• Localización: Lagascalia, ISSN 0210-7708, Vol. 19, Nº 1-2, 1997, págs. 745-758
• Idioma: español
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• Resumen

  • The effects of different human impact on the vegetation cover are studied by comparing Southwestern Andalusia and Northwestern Morocco. The peninsulas on both sides of the Straits of Gibraltar have almost identical physical conditions, but they are submitted to different land use systems. The study was carried out in a phytosociological approach at the levels "plant community" and "vegetation complex". The floristic identity is demonstrated by the example of an endemic plant community, the Trifo micheliani-Oenanthetuni fi.stulosae, which is described here. Weed communities vary according to the agrotechnical level. Traditional ploughing in selfsustaining agriculture creates agro-phytocoenoses with high alpha-diversity. Agroindustrial management, as it prevails in Spain, halves species number per field. The anthropogenetic transformation of the weed communities has a similar tendency in both countries, with a time lag in Morocco. In heathiand, the anthropo-zoogenetic pressure in higher in Morocco. The result are mono-dominated stands with low alpha-diversity. The vegetation complexes are descibed by comparing two coastal hill regions, the Gaditanian Almarchal area and the Tingitanian Fahs area. Every technological level creates specific communities and its own vegetation complex. Character communities for the Spanish respectively Moroccan side can be established. "Modernization" of vegetation landscapes results in a more trivial vegetation cover. The anthropogenetic transformation of the landscape affects the plant communities and the vegetation complexes in a different way.