La llum mediterrània i els espais d'accés a l'arquitectura

• Autores: Judit López Besora
• Directores de la Tesis: Helena Coch Roura (dir. tes.)
• Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2015
• Idioma: catalán
• Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Jaime Navarro Casas (presid.), Antonio Isalgué (secret.), Alessandro Rogora Bellido (voc.)
• Programa de doctorado: Programa Oficial de Doctorado en Ámbitos de Investigación en la Energía y el Medio Ambiente en la Arquitectura
• Materias:
  • Física
    • Óptica
      • Luz
  • Ciencias tecnológicas
    • Tecnología de la construcción
      • Diseño arquitectónico
    • Ingeniería y tecnología del medio ambiente
  • Ciencias de las artes y las letras
    • Arquitectura
• Enlaces
  • Tesis en acceso abierto en: TDX
• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen

  • Architecture and environment are strongly linked. In Mediterranean countries, the control of radiation is one ofthe most important environmental aspects to take into account, because of the high radiation levels reached and the frequency of clear blue sky situation. lt has thermal and lighting consequences which deeply affect architecture. From the first point of view, it is essential to avoid the thermal contribution of radiation inside the buildings during most of the year, but taking advantage of it when the condition outdoor makes it necessary. lt has several lighting consequences , since the availability of daytight indoor is necessarily reduced during summer to avoid overheating. Even though the amount of daytight in buildings is enough for most activities, the contrast generated by the difference between indoor and outdoor lighting is the key factor in the entrance of buildings, which has to be compensated with artificial lighting. The entrance to buildings can be solved by different ways, either through a single door or going over different spaces . During this transition, the visual system needs time to adapt to different light conditions, and the spaces where it takes place should be designed to make it easier. This is a very important purpose, but entrance spaces have other functions such as providing a good orientation to users, especially if they do not know the building or, besides functionality, providing the first impression of the building from an aesthetic point of view. In general, entrance spaces do not have strictly defined morphological features. lts dimension can vary as well as its composition, or the contact with the exterior and the materials used in finishes. As it happens with the shape, the kind and amount of light is variable. lt can come from different points, to show a variety of compositions , it can be warm or cold, direct of diffuse, etc. All these formal features shape a visual scene with a specific appearance. The visual scene outdoor has also an appearance linked to the interaction between Mediterranean light and urban landscape. In high radiation periods, this scene is composed by a very bright zone at the bottom, with the pavement; another luminous zone at the top with the sky vault; and a central zone with façades, more heterogenic and with higher and lower luminosity values compared with the other zones and the interior of the building. The sequence of visual scenes as well as their composition and distribution of light is very important to understand the transition. Other aspects, such as the colour of light and space, the visual connection with the exterior or the atmosphere, are also important in entrance spaces. However, the key factor is the composition of visual scenes during the sequence, where architectural design plays an important role. Space and light design are the instruments required to make the adaptation easier and providing the space with the quality needed. Many conclusions can be drawn from the interaction between visual quality and design. Some examples are: the importance of pavement appearance during the visual transition, the influence of colour and materials in brightness perception, or the advantages of articulated spaces in the entrance of buildings by means of the use of shade. Of course, daylighting design has also an impact on visual quality. In short, the distribution of shade and light during the transition is a key factor to improve visual adaptation. The architectural design of entrance spaces is flexible enough to integrate solutions which improve the vision during the periods of strong radiation outdoors. This thesis serves as a guideline to know the specific visual needs and the consequences of design in order to improve visual adaptation during the transition.