Ensayos sobre ciudades, forma urbana y emisiones

• Autores: Martina Siskova
• Directores de la Tesis: J.C.J.M. van den Bergh (dir. tes.)
• Lectura: En la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona ( España ) en 2019
• Idioma: español
• Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Jessica Coria (presid.), Emilio Padilla (secret.), Enric Tello Aragay (voc.)
• Programa de doctorado: Programa de Doctorado en Ciencia y Tecnología Ambientales por la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona
• Materias:
  • Ciencias económicas
    • Economía sectorial
• Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
• Resumen

  • In this thesis we study how local and global emissions emerge in cities and which elements are critical to this. I examine the role of urban form on such emissions, through infrastructure and land use, and associated passenger and freight transport and stationary economic activities, which take place within city borders. Chapter 2 reviews the current literature on urban form in economics and geography. We contrast these two lines of literature and look at the application of the concept of urban form in urban economics, and how it interacts with that of environmental externalities. Policies, recommendations and ideas for further research are drawn and discussed. Chapter 3 explains the methodology used for the data collection on land use and transport in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona. This serves as the empirical input for Chapter 4. Chapter 4 offers an ambitious, innovative model of local and global emissions, based on accounting economic activity, land uses and transport in a circular city. It identifies the best-performing urban form in terms of a set of formal evaluation criteria, as well as a long-term transition to it from the current form. This is done for distinct scenarios of combinations of car fleet composition and shares of renewable energy in electricity. The model is applied to the city of Barcelona. Chapter 5 analyses a survey implemented in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona to elicit consumer preferences concerning vehicle types. Multinomial logit regression was undertaken to assess important attributes for choosing among conventional, hybrid and electric vehicles are price and range. This produces estimates of the willingness to pay for an additional driving range, emission reduction, reduction in either refuel time or fuel cost. In addition, the presence of incentives such as free parking, toll-free highways or free tunnels access is assessed. Chapter 6 analyses the relationship between climate-related emission targets, mayoral powers and city attributes by combining data from the C40 cities-climate network with other data. This involves normalizing emission targets on a common baseline and performing correlation and multiple regression analyses. These results are still preliminary and can be improved. They show a weak link between mayoral powers and city emission targets. A final chapter summarizes and concludes.