The impact of nutrients on clock genes and metabolism: their role for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases
- Autores: Ana Lucía Castillo Figueroa
- Directores de la Tesis: Ramón Gomis (dir. tes.), Eliane Cristina Vieira Adegas (codir. tes.), María Izquierdo Pulido (tut. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat de Barcelona ( España ) en 2017
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Mònica Bulló Bonet (presid.), Joan Marc Servitja Duque (secret.), Felicia Alexandra Hanzu (voc.)
- Materias:
- Enlaces
- Tesis en acceso abierto en: TDX
- Resumen
A number of recent studies in animals and humans have linked energy regulation and the circadian clock at the molecular, physiological and behavioral levels, concluding that disruption of clock genes results in metabolic dysregulation. Obesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with disruption of circadian rhythms. Strategies to prevent disturbances in circadian rhythms are critical in order to find potential targets for new therapies development and treatment for metabolic diseases. Potential candidates to prevent disturbances in circadian rhythms are nutrients. Nutrients reset peripheral circadian clocks and the local clock genes control downstream metabolic processes.
The amino acid taurine has been shown to prevent obesity in animal models of high fat diet and ameliorate metabolic dysfunction in diabetes. Although there are few evidences that taurine may affect circadian rhythms, the effect of taurine on circadian rhythms of hormones and on the expression of clock genes has never been study before. Therefore, we aim to study whether long term taurine treatment can ameliorate disturbances in circadian rhythms caused by high fat diet feeding.
We foun that mice treated with High fat diet increased food intake and insulin levels during the day and night time, increased body weight and visceral fat. HFD group disrupted the circadian pattern of insulin and exhibited higher insulin levels throughout the 24h. Taurine treatment prevented the increase in food intake and plasma insulin during the day and night and decrease in visceral fat. Taurine prevents the impairment in glucose tolerance and improves insulin sensitivity, decreased plasma insulin levels in mice treated with high fat diet. Taurine can prevent disturbances of circadian rhythm in food intake and insulin that was disrupted by high fat diet. In peripheral tissues high fat diet changed the expression of clock genes. In addition in visceral adipose tissue taurine normalized the 24h pattern expression of clock genes Rev-erbα, Per2, Clock, and Nocturnin. Suggesting that taurine could be beneficial for the correction of circadian rhythms , amelioration of metabolic consequences of obesity and diabetes.
