Publication: La relación de la autonomía política municipal y las modalidades de participación ciudadana en Nicaragua entre 1990 y 2012
Loading...
Files
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication Date
2016-05-23
Authors
Advisors (or tutors)
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Citations
Exportar
Abstract
La interrelación entre el municipio y la participación ciudadana en Nicaragua cobró especial relevancia con la restauración de la autonomía municipal en la Constitución de 1987 y con la promulgación de la Ley de Municipios en 1988. La dictadura somocista había suspendido la autonomía municipal durante 50 años, un período que incluyó la cancelación de la elección libre y directa de las autoridades locales, y aunque se reconoció de forma declarativa la autonomía financiera y administrativa, las competencias y funciones de las municipalidades fueron subordinadas a la aprobación final del Gobierno Central. Con las elecciones de 1990 el régimen autonómico municipal entró en vigor de manera expresa por primera vez en la historia de Nicaragua. Además, a partir de entonces se vio ampliado y reforzado con una larga lista de leyes como parte del proceso de descentralización del Estado y de reforma de la administración pública, coincidiendo con la salida del conflicto armado. Al mismo tiempo se generalizaron experiencias participativas en los tres niveles de la administración pública, municipal, autonómica y nacional, que a su vez dieron origen a un marco normativo innovador en Nicaragua y Centroamérica, que conoció su punto más importante con la Ley de Participación Ciudadana en 2003, claramente inspirada en el ámbito municipal. Sin embargo, tras el regreso del FSLN al poder, el presidente Ortega dentro de sus planes de refundar el Estado tomó un conjunto de medidas para limitar la autonomía municipal. Estudios de la época mostraron que la esfera política la autonomía municipal era unos de los obstáculos para implantar el modelo del Poder Ciudadano, que se asentaba en los Consejos del Poder Ciudadano (CPC), organizados de manera jerárquica desde el nivel nacional hasta las comunidades rurales y barrios...
In Nicaragua, with the restoration of municipal autonomy in the 1987 constitution and the promulgation of the Municipalities Act in 1988, the interrelation between the municipality and citizen participation took on a special importance. Under the Somoza dictatorship, municipal autonomy had been suspended for 50 years, during which the free, direct election of local authorities was suppressed. Although Somoza paid lip service to the principle of financial and administrative autonomy, in practice the powers and functions of the municipalities were subject to central government approval. Following the 1990 elections, municipal autonomy was expressly recognized for the first time in Nicaragua’s history. From then on it was extended and reinforced through a series of laws, as part of the gradual decentralization of the state and the reform of public administration, coinciding with the end of the armed conflict. At the same time, participatory initiatives spread through all three levels of government (municipal, regional and national), giving rise to a regulatory framework that was completely new to Nicaragua and Central America. The centrepiece of this regulatory framework was the 2003 Citizen Participation Act, which was clearly modeled on the municipal sphere. After the return to power of the FSLN, however, President Ortega took various steps to limit municipal autonomy, as part of his plans to refound the state. Studies from the period showed that, in the political sphere, municipal autonomy was an obstacle to the implementation of the Citizen Power model, based on the Citizen Power Councils (CPCs), which were organized top-down, from national level to rural communities and neighbourhoods...
In Nicaragua, with the restoration of municipal autonomy in the 1987 constitution and the promulgation of the Municipalities Act in 1988, the interrelation between the municipality and citizen participation took on a special importance. Under the Somoza dictatorship, municipal autonomy had been suspended for 50 years, during which the free, direct election of local authorities was suppressed. Although Somoza paid lip service to the principle of financial and administrative autonomy, in practice the powers and functions of the municipalities were subject to central government approval. Following the 1990 elections, municipal autonomy was expressly recognized for the first time in Nicaragua’s history. From then on it was extended and reinforced through a series of laws, as part of the gradual decentralization of the state and the reform of public administration, coinciding with the end of the armed conflict. At the same time, participatory initiatives spread through all three levels of government (municipal, regional and national), giving rise to a regulatory framework that was completely new to Nicaragua and Central America. The centrepiece of this regulatory framework was the 2003 Citizen Participation Act, which was clearly modeled on the municipal sphere. After the return to power of the FSLN, however, President Ortega took various steps to limit municipal autonomy, as part of his plans to refound the state. Studies from the period showed that, in the political sphere, municipal autonomy was an obstacle to the implementation of the Citizen Power model, based on the Citizen Power Councils (CPCs), which were organized top-down, from national level to rural communities and neighbourhoods...
Description
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 18-01-2016