Antoni Palomo

Vol-2024 Cronometrías Para la Historia de la Península Ibérica 2016. Actas del Congreso de Cronometrías Para la Historia de la Península Ibérica (IberCrono 2017), Barcelona, Spain, September 17-19, 2016. Edited by: Juan A. Barceló, Igor Bogdanovic, Berta Morell. Submitted by: Igor Bogdanovic. Published on CEUR-WS: 14-Dec-2017. ONLINE: http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2024/. URN: urn:nbn:de:0074-2024-4 ARCHIVE: ftp://SunSITE.Informatik.RWTH-Aachen.DE/pub/publications/CEUR-WS/Vol-2024.zip[EN] Evidence of human occupation in the NE of the Iberian Peninsula during the second half of the VII and the first half of the 6th millennium BC are scarce. Until recently, only two sites, Font del Ros and Bauma del Serrat del Pont have provided dates calibrated between 6767-6071 cal BC. Recent research in the Montsant massif (Tarragona) has provided new evidence of human occupations of the sixth millennium cal BC. The site of Coves del Fem has a very well preserved stratigraphy with different occupations att...

PlantCult Project aims to explore the role of culinary traditions and innovations through their impact on shaping the social landscape in ancient Europe over long time periods (from the Neolithic period to the Iron Age) and large territories. The experimental program is part of an integrated study of food products and associated equipment focusing on whether the introduction of new species or changes in social and economic organisation brought about changes in the food grinding technologies of the area. The experiments include tools operated by back and forth reciprocal motion and circular motion, and manufactured from different raw materials, with different morphologies and sizes. The tools design and the list of plant ingredients (cereals, legumes, acorns and oil-seeds) ground in the experiments are all based on the archaeological record of the studied area. In this paper we present the experimental protocol, the multi-scale methodology applied to the use-wear analysis of grinding...

The results of analyses of wild animals in various funerary structures from Sector II of Can Roqueta (Early-Middle Bronze Age) in Catalonia are presented in this article. In general, animal deposits in a funerary context provide an approach to the study of ritual activity and beliefs, especially in agro-pastoral communities where domestic animals are the basic elements of subsistence and the creation of resources. In this case, taxonomic identification indicates the importance of domestic animals due to their role in the economy, as well as their use in food and symbolic offerings and as a manifestation of the power of the dead. By contrast, a taphonomic study indicates the scarcity of wild animal deposits – six birds and two carnivores – and shows the differential use of these species, which are perhaps more closely related to life symbols or totemic symbols. PALABRAS CLAVES: Bronce Antiguo-Medio, estructuras funerarias, ofrendas de animales salvajes, complejidad social y ritual. G...

We wish to give special thanks to Maria San Millan for collecting and providing us with all the raw animal material used in our experiments. The heritage-archaeology firm Arqueolitic (Banyoles, Girona) provided most of the tools for the manufacture of the awls and spatulas, and our study was possible thanks to funding for project HAR2011-23149 (main researcher: Juan F. Gibaja Bao). The first figure in this work was partially recreated from illustrations in one of our previously published works with Atics S.L (Pou, et al., 2014).

El conjunt d'aquestes excavacions i estudis s'ha desenvolupat en el marc dels projectes: "La Draga en el proces de neolititzacio del nordest peninsular" (referencia 2014/100822); "Ocupaciones lacustres y gestion de recursos en las primeras sociedades agricolas y ganaderas del NE peninsular: Tecnologia de las producciones materiales y usos instrumentales" (HAR2009-13494-C02-01); "Estrategias agroforestales y ganaderas" (HAR2009-13494-C02-02); "Domesticacion animal y practicas ganaderas en el occidente Mediterraneo (9300 a 2500 cal BC)' (HAR2011-25826); "Organizacion social de las primeras comunidades agricola-ganaderas a partir del espacio domestico: elementos estructurales y areas de produccion y consumo de bienes" (HAR2012-38838-C02-01); "Arquitectura en madera y areas de procesado y consumo de alimentos" (HAR2012-38838-C02-02); "Simulacion computacional de fenomenos historicos de cambio social y tecnologico du...

[EN] The Neolithic groups that settled in La Draga exploited a wide range of rocks and minerals to produce the different stone utensils needed for their subsistence and artisan work. This diversity of lithologies responds to the different types of instruments and the functions far which they would be intended. Three large groups of tools made with different types of rocks can be differentiated. The chipped tools were made from siliceous rocks, basically flint and quartz. Among the adzes, which have a bevel produced by polishíng two opposing surfaces, such metamorphic rocks as amphlbole and corneal schists are documented. Among the instruments of greater volume used for grinding, such as querns, the use of basalts, porphyric rocks and granites is documented. Fínally, sandstone was used for polishing other materials, while limestone pebbles were used far burnishing. The origin of ali these subjects shows a very broad catchment area. Most rocks come from a local environment, where quartz, basalt, porphyric rock, sandstone and limestone can be faund. Others come from a regional context that required traveling several tens of kilometers far their supply; for example, the amph'ibolic shale comes from the Guilleries, Albera Massif or Cap de Creus, while the cornean comes from the foothills of the Pre-Pyrenees, and granites from the axial Pyrenees or the Guilleríes and the Gavarres massifs. However, other rocks such as flint and jasper, have a distant origin, more than 110 km away, both to the north (flint from the Narbonne-Sigean basin, France) and south (jaspers from the mountain of Montjuïc in Barcelona).[CA] Els grups neolítics que es van establir a la Draga van explotar un ampli ventall de roques i minerals per produir els diferents estris de pedra que necessitaven per a la seva subsistència i necessitats artesanals. Aquesta diversitat de litologies explotades respon als diferents tipus d'instruments que necessitaven i a les funcions a les que preveien destinar. D'aquesta manera, trobem diferents tipus d'eines elaborades amb diferents tipus de roques. Les eines de tall estaven elaborades a partir de la talla de roques silícies, bàsicament sílex i quars. Entre les aixes, que presenten un bisell produït mitjançant el polit de dos superticies oposades, es documenten les roques metamòrfiques com esquists amfibólicos i corniana. Entre els instruments de major volum destinats a la mòlta -molins i mans-, es documenta l'ús de basalts, roques porfídicas i granits. Finalment, per al polit d'altres materials es van utilitzar plaques de sauló, mentre que per brunyir es van emprar còdols de calcària. La procedència de totes aquestes matèries permet identificar un territori d'explotació molt ampli en base a les seves àrees de captació. La majoria de roques prové d'un entorn local, on poden trobar-se quars, basalts, roques porfídicas, gresos i calcàries. Altres són originàries d'un entorn regional que va requerir de diverses desenes de quilòmetres per al seu proveïment, per exemple, els esquistos amfibólicos procedeixen de les Guilleries, Massís de l'Albera o Cap de Creus, mentre que les corneanes procedeixen dels estreps prepirinenques, i els granits del Pirineu axial o Massissos de les Guilleries i de les Gavarres. No obstant, altres roques com el sílex i el jaspi, tenen un origen llunyà, superior als 110 km de distància, tant en direcció nord (sílex de la Conca de Narbona-Sigean, França) com sud (jaspis de la muntanya de Montjuïc, a Barcelona).[ES] Los grupos neolíticos que se establecieron en la Draga explotaron un amplio abanico de rocas y minerales para producir los distintos utensilios de piedra que precísaban para su subsistencia y necesidades artesanales. Esta diversidad de litologías explotadas responde a los diferentes tipos de instrumentos que necesitaban y a las funciones a las que preveían destinarlos. De este modo, encontramos distintos tipos de herramientas elaboradas con diferentes tipos de rocas. Las herramientas de corte estaban elaboradas a partir de la talla de rocas silíceas, básicamente sílex y cuarzo. Entre las azuelas, que presentan un bisel producido mediante el pulido de dos superticies opuestas, se documentan las rocas metamórficas como esquistos amfibólicos y corneana. Entre los instrumentos de mayor volumen destinados a la molienda -molinos y manos-, se documenta el uso de basaltos, rocas porfídicas y granitos. Finalmente, para el pulido de otros materiales se utilizaron placas de arenisca, mientras que para bruñir se emplearon guijarros de caliza. La procedencia de todas estas materias permite identificar un territorio de explotación muy amplio en base a sus áreas de captación. La mayoría de rocas proviene de un entorno local, donde pueden encontrarse cuarzos, basaltos, rocas porfídicas, areniscas y calizas. Otras son originarias de un entorno regional que requirió de varias decenas de kilómetros para su abastecimiento, por ejemplo, los esquistos amfibólicos proceden de las Guilleries, Macizo…

This work has been possible under the i+D Research Project: Procesos sociales, tecnologicos y economicos en la explotacion de recursos minerales del Priorat (Cataluna): una vision diacronica (HAR2010-21105-C02-01) of the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spanish Goverment). Dioscorides Marin acknowledges gladly his PhD fellowship FI-DGR 2013 of the Generalitat de Catalunya (Catalan Regional Government).

The transformation of food ingredients into meals corresponds to complex choices resulting from the interplay of environmental and cultural factors: available ingredients, technologies of transformation, cultural perceptions of food, as well as taste and food taboos. Project PLANTCULT (ERC Consolidator Grant, GA 682529) aims to investigate prehistoric culinary cultures from the Aegean to Central Europe by focusing on plant foods and associated food preparation technologies spanning the Neolithic through to the Iron Age. Our paper offers an overview of the lines of investigation pursued within the project to address plant food preparation and related stone tool technologies. The wide range of plant foods from the area under investigation (ground cereals, breads, beer, pressed grapes, split pulses, etc.) suggests great variability of culinary preparations. Yet, little is known of the transformation technologies involved (e.g., pounding, grinding, and boiling). Changes in size and shap...

We studied 36 dogs ( Canis familiaris ) from the Can Roqueta site in the Catalan pre-littoral depression (Barcelona), dated between the Late Bronze Age and the First Iron Age (1300 and 550 cal BC). We used a sample of 27 specimens to analyse the evolution of the dogs’ diet based on the carbon δ 13 C and nitrogen δ 15 N isotope composition. The results show a marked human influence in that these natural carnivores display a highly plant-based diet. The offset between canids and herbivorous ungulates does not reach the minimum established for a trophic level, which implies an input of C 3 and C 4 (millet) cultivated plants. Moreover, the homogeneity in the values indicates that humans prepared their dogs’ food.

Entendemos que el reconocimiento de la función de los instrumentos líticos puede aproximarnos a las actividades que realizaban las primeras comunidades neolíticas que se asentaron en el noreste de la Península Ibérica. Uno de los contextos donde poder abordar tales cuestiones es el yacimiento al aire libre de Les Guixeres de Vilobí. Perteneciente al neolítico antiguo, es uno de los pocos asentamientos de este periodo con estructuras internas y un número relevante de útiles líticos. En este trabajo presentamos una primera aproximación a la morfología, la tecnología y la funcionalidad de dicho utillaje. Su localización en el área excavada nos permite evaluar si hay una organización del espacio con respecto al lugar dónde se efectuaron ciertas actividades. Aunque este artículo se centra en Les Guixeres de Vilobí, los resultados serán contextualizados y comparados con otros yacimientos contemporáneos o próximos cronológicamente.

This paper presents the study of the fungi remains preserved in the waterlogged deposits of the Neolithic site of La Draga. These resources had the potential of being used as food and medicine, but also as tinder. Fire was without a doubt one of the most important resources for past people. It was used for lighting, heating, processing food and other materials, cooking and protection, and also possessed social and ritual significance. Hearths are one of the most common features at archaeological sites, but very often little attention is paid to the question of how these fires were lit, and they are seldom reflected in the archaeological record. In order to produce fire by percussion, an intermediate material is required between the sparks and the fuel. Fruiting bodies of fungi are a potential form of tinder, but are less inclined to be well-preserved than other materials. This paper presents the fungal fruiting bodies found at the Neolithic site of La Draga and discusses the meaning...

Proyecto desarrollado con el apoyo de: Ajuntament de Banyoles, Centre d’Arqueologia Subaquatica de Catalunya/Museu d’Arqueologia de Catalunya, Departament de Cultura Generalitat de Catalunya, Museu d’Arqueologia de Catalunya. Los trabajos fueron realizados en el marco del proyecto coordinado CSIC-UAB financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion: «Ocupaciones lacustres y gestion de recursos en las primeras sociedades agricola-ganaderas del NE peninsular: Tecnologia de las producciones materiales y usos instrumentales (HAR2009-13494-CO1). Estrategias agroforestales y ganaderas (HAR2009-13494-C02)» y por el Ministerio de Economia y competitividad: «Organizacion social de las primeras comunidades agricola-ganaderas a partir del espacio domestico: Arquitectura en madera y areas de procesado y consumo de alimentos. Elementos estructurales y areas de produccion y consumo de bienes (HAR2012-38838-C01). Elementos estructurales y areas de produccion y consumo de bienes (HAR2012-38838-C02)».

El proyecto de investigación del cual exponemos aquí una síntesis de los primeros resultados se ha desarrollado gracias a la financiación de la Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia de Portugal (PTDC/HAH/64548/2006). Su formulación radica en el hecho de que las diferentes teorías que pretenden explicar el neolítico desde posicionamientos migracionistas o indigenistas excluyentes no llegan a dar respuestas satisfactorias a la complejidad inherente al proceso de adquisición de la economía productora. Desde este marco conceptual era necesario plantear un proyecto, necesariamente internacional por su contexto geográfico y pluridisciplinar por los ámbitos de estudio abarcados, que a través de la colaboración con otros equipos e investigadores del sur peninsular y norte de África, avanzase en el estudio de registros novedosos o ya previamente conocidos mediante nuevos enfoques metodológicos que dieran contenido a determinadas lagunas de información empírica, cuyos resultados contribuyese...

ABSTRACT The Neolithic site of Draga is the only lake dwelling known in the Iberian Peninsula. The underwater excavation works have documented the extension of the site and allowed to relate it to the terrestrial part. In addition surveys conducted in the surroundings of the lake show the continued occupation of the lake environment during the Bronze Age and the change of era.

ABSTRACT Recent research at the Neolithic site of La Draga on the edge of Banyoles Lake (Girona, Spain) has documented evidence for the occupation of the lakeshore from the final quarter of the sixth millennium cal BC. Excavation during 2010 and 2011 identified at least two episodes of occupation. The oldest episode includes wooden structures, which were superseded and overlain by a paving of travertine blocks during the younger phase. Archaeological materials, artefacts, and pottery styles indicate a level of continuity between the two phases of construction and occupation. Both episodes can be attributed to the Cardial Neolithic. Investigation of the underwater part of the site resulted in the discovery of the first wooden tools from the site and therefore from the prehistory of Iberia.

Marvellous preservation of organic materials at the Neolithic site of La Draga in north-east Iberia include a range of wooden harvesting tools. The authors examine the wood and flint to describe a range of the earliest harvesting techniques and their diverse applications.

ABSTRACT Surface texture is a key parameter in archaeological materials, where its study has been central to use-wear research, as well as in the understanding of manufacturing processes. Nowadays, 3D digital surface textures can be characterized from macroscale to nanoscale, using advanced metrology methods and techniques, and by means of 2D profile or 3D areal (non-)contact instruments, which span a wide range and resolution. In this paper, we describe an experiment based on the quantitative description of geometric surface texture patterns (i.e., the microtopography) from 3D scanned archaeological and experimental materials, in order to assess how objects were manufactured in the past. At the end, we aim to differentiate texture patterns; associate them with possible gestures, carving techniques, and used tools; and understand the technical procedure used by the craftsperson. The archaeological object of study is a large fragment of one of the stelae with carved horns on blocks of sandstone, late 4th millennium cal BC, discovered in 2008 in the Neolithic settlement in the Serra del Mas Bonet (Vilafant, Alt Empordà), Catalonia. Experimental replicas of this fragment's surface textures were made in blocks of sandstone coming from the same bedrock. The applied method consisted of using a 3D structured light scanner, with a submillimetre resolution, to capture the geometric surface texture of both prehistoric and experimental objects. Then, using surface roughness areal parameters, regulated by international standards, to describe quantitatively the texture patterns of a set of sampled areas. After that, comparisons were made, and a first conclusion is here presented.

Las actividades que venimos realizando desde 2013 han sido posible gracias a la financiacion que nos ha ofrecido la Fundacion Espanola para la Ciencia y la Tecnologia (FECYT) en tres proyectos: #RavalEsCiencia: La Ciencia te acerca al pasado. Raval una historia de hace mas de 6000 anos (FCT-13-6944), #BCN-ConCiencia: Barcelona, una Historia de hace 6000 anos. iConoce a sus protagonistas! (FCT-16-10722) e Integra>Ciencia: Divulgacion cientifica sin barreras (FCT-17-11972).

The beginnings of experimental archaeology in Spain did not appear till the second part of the twentieth century, as opposed to other countries where its appearance took place in the nineteenth century (Nilsson 1868; Evans 1897; Lubbock 1878:561, Sellers 1886; McGuire 1891; Cushing 1894). However, during the last couple of decades, experimental archaeology in Spain has been a successful methodology used mainly for research purposes. The influence of the French is clear, and the evolution of experiments in archaeology follows the same trends in both countries. Today, there is a clear tendency to apply experimentation not only to technoeconomical aspects but to socio-cultural processes, one aspect that is lacking from earlier applications. The creation of educational and public engagement centres has grown in recent years in our country. A clear example could also be found in the representation of centres in EXARC members map (exarc.net).

In this paper, we present the latest results and current on-going analysis of the Neolithic grave godos associated with the communities that lived in the north-eastern Iberian Peninsula between the 5th and 4th millennia cal BC. Aspects such as raw materials, tool morphologies, artefact distributions, production techniques and the degree of tool degree are addressed from a multidisciplinary point of view.

This study was carried out in the framework of the research project ‘Approach to the first Neolithic communities in north-east Iberia through funerary practices (HAR2011-23149)’. We would like to thank the Sabadell History Museum and the Catalonian Museum of Archaeology in Barcelona for kindly allowing us to consult the collections from the Bobila Madurell site studied here, as well as Lluis Sant (Archaeology and Palaeontology Service of the Catalonian Government) for providing the plans of the site.

In this paper we present a Virtual Reality game related to Cultural Heritage. We contribute with an analysis of subjective measures taken from questionnaires filled by users after the VR experience, and objective measures taken from logs during the VR game. Specifically, we were interested on study data globally and in groups of user behaviour. Analysing data globally we see a high value of users’ subjective perceptions. Nevertheless, we found differences of subjective measures when splitting the Novice group. Specifically, the subjective perception of Strugglers is considerably lower than the rest of groups, and this difference is significant. Then, we propose strategies to provide a better experience to Strugglers. We also found correlations between objective and subjective data when they were analysed globally (i.e. without using groups), but these measures did not correlate when they were analysed using behaviour groups.

In this paper, we present the latest results and current on-going analysis of the Neolithic grave godos associated with the communities that lived in the north-eastern Iberian Peninsula between the 5th and 4th millennia cal BC. Aspects such as raw materials, tool morphologies, artefact distributions, production techniques and the degree of tool degree are addressed from a multidisciplinary point of view.

En torno al proyecto de investigación del yacimiento neolítico lacustre de la Draga (Banyoles-Girona) se lleva a cabo desde hace más de una década programas experimentales centrados en diversas cuestiones tecno funcionales. La extraordinaria conservación de los materiales arqueológicos realizados tanto en materias inorgánicas como orgánicas han permitido desarrollar experimentos que han replicado procesos técnicos de producción y utilización de diferentes herramientas y artefactos de hueso, madera y piedra, utilizados en diferentes actividades, como el trabajo de la madera y la producción textil. El proyecto experimental de la Draga se plantea como una herramienta holística de investigación arqueológica, de formación académica y de divulgación para todos los públicos.

Findings of canid remains in graves at different sites in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula are evidence of a widespread funerary practice that proliferated between the end of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC, in particular, in the Early-Middle Bronze Age contexts. The discovery of four foxes and a large number of dogs at the sites of Can Roqueta (Barcelona) and Minferri (Lleida) respectively, stand out among the many examples of these types of grave goods. In this work, we have made an approximation of the relationship between humans and canids through the study of their diet by analysis of stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in bone collagen. These analyses were complemented by archaeozoological, anthropological and archaeobotanical studies. The comparison of human and animal diets comprised a total of 37 canids, 19 domestic ungulates and 64 humans. The results indicate that the diet of the dogs was similar to that of humans, although δ15N values of dogs in Can Roqueta and Minferri are, on the average, 1.4‰ and 1.1‰, respectively, lower than those of humans. The offset between canids and the herbivorous ungulates of each site is not up to the established minimum for a trophic level, which implies an input of C3 plants and human intervention in the feeding of dogs and some of the foxes. Some particular cases in Can Roqueta suggest a specific food preparation, richer in cereals, for larger dogs (probably devoted to carrying loads), and possibly for at least one of the foxes.

Reconstructing the colonization and demographic dynamics that gave rise to extant forests is essential to forecasts of forest responses to environmental changes. Classical approaches to map how population of trees changed through space and time largely rely on pollen distribution patterns, with only a limited number of studies exploiting DNA molecules preserved in wooden tree archaeological and subfossil remains. Here, we advance such analyses by applying high throughput (HTS) DNA sequencing to wood archaeological and subfossil material for the first time, using a comprehensive sample of 167 European white oak waterlogged remains spanning a large temporal (from 550 to 9,800 years) and geographical range across Europe. The successful characterization of the endogenous DNA and exogenous microbial DNA of 140 (~83%) samples helped the identification of environmental conditions favoring long-term DNA preservation in wood remains, and started to unveil the first trends in the DNA decay pr...

El treball que us presentem és una proposta d’anàlisi de les puntes de fletxa recuperades en l’hipogeu de la Costa de Can Martorell (Dosrius-El Maresme). La particularitat de la indústria lítica estudiada, només formada per projectils, ha motivat el desenvolupament d’una metodologia d’anàlisi que permetés extreure informació de com es van fer i quin ús van tenir. Així, doncs, la nostra proposta d’anàlisi té com a objectiu, caracteritzar el procés tècnic de producció i d’utilització de les 68 puntes de fletxa recuperades en l’hipogeu calcolític de la Costa de Can Martorell  i contrastar les hipòtesis extretes de l’anàlisi mitjançant el desenvolupament d’un protocol experimental.

El workshop La Península ibèrica al final de la Prehistòria: les grans làmines de sílex es va organitzar en el marc dʼuna exposició itinerant dedicada a les grans làmines de sílex a Europa que sʼinicià a Orleans (França), es va presentar després a Granada i, finalment, el Museu dʼArqueologia de Catalunya la va acollir sota el títol Europa al final de la Prehistòria. Les grans làmines de sílex. La realització dʼaquest workshop i la seva publicació no hauria estat possible sense el patrocini i el suport del Museu dʼArqueologia de Catalunya i del Museu de Gavà que van apostar per encetar, per primera vegada a Catalunya, una línia de promoció a la recerca que havia estat obviada fins aleshores, com la realització de reunions científiques dʼalt nivell a lʼentorn dʼun tema molt específic, en aquest cas la producció i circulació de les grans làmines de sílex a la Península Ibèrica.

Cultural Heritage. We contribute with an analysis of subjective
measures taken from questionnaires filled by users after the
VR experience, and objective measures taken from logs during
the VR game. Specifically, we were interested on study data
globally and in groups of user behaviour. Analysing data
globally we see a high value of users’ subjective perceptions.
Nevertheless, we found differences of subjective measures
when splitting the Novice group.
Specifically, the subjective perception of Strugglers is considerably
lower than the rest of groups, and this difference is
significant. Then, we propose strategies to provide a better
experience to Strugglers. We also found correlations between
objective and subjective data when they were analysed globally
(i.e. without using groups), but these measures did not
correlate when they were analysed using behaviour groups.

The most significant characteristic of the Neolithic site of La Draga is, undoubtedly, the superb preservation of organic matter. The characteristics of the site make it necessaryto develop a protocol that begins during the excavation. Wooden objects are registered
by photogrammetry and a systematic documentation which involves determining the species, the record of technological and functional traces, 3D scanning and sampling is done. The methods for the conservation of organic materials involve preventive treatment in the field, lyophilization and monitoring the subsequent post-preservation.

The Neolithic site of Draga is the only lake dwelling known in the Iberian Peninsula. The underwater excavation works have documented the extension of the site and allowed to relate it to the terrestrial part. In addition surveys conducted in the surroundings of the lake show the continued occupation of the lake environment during the Bronze Age and the change of era.
Key words: La Draga, Neolithic, Lake dweling.

We present the Archaeological Park of the Neolithic Settlement of La Draga and the development of its divulge programme. The exceptional preservation of the site’s organic remains has allowed and allows the implementation of an investigation project of wide scope with extensive use of experimental archaeology as a methodological tool. Data drawn on these investigations are the foundation stone for the pedagogical project of La Draga, mainly based upon manufacture procedures and first hand experience

Marvellous preservation of organic materials at the Neolithic site of La Draga in north-east Iberia include a range of wooden harvesting tools. The authors examine the wood and flint to describe a range of the earliest harvesting techniques and their diverse applications.

The discovery in 2012 of a complete yew bow (Taxus baccata) in the lakeside Neolithic site of La Draga, together with two more fragmented bows from previous field seasons, are the oldest evidence of archery among farming communities in Europe. This group of bows has allowed different aspects of prehistoric archery to be considered. Firstly with regard to the manufacturing processes of these weapons, which show great uniformity in terms of the raw material used, but some variety in shapes and sizes. Secondly about the socioeconomic significance of weapons in societies which no longer based their economy on hunting and gathering.

Recent research at the Neolithic site of La Draga on the edge of Banyoles
Lake (Girona, Spain) has documented evidence for the occupation of the
lakeshore from the final quarter of the sixth millennium cal BC. Excavation
during 2010 and 2011 identified at least two episodes of occupation. The
oldest episode includes wooden structures, which were superseded and
overlain by a paving of travertine blocks during the younger phase.
Archaeological materials, artefacts, and pottery styles indicate a level of
continuity between the two phases of construction and occupation. Both
episodes can be attributed to the Cardial Neolithic. Investigation of the
underwater part of the site resulted in the discovery of the first wooden tools
from the site and therefore from the prehistory of Iberia

Recent research at the site of La Draga, and surveys made in the margins of Lake Banyoles (Banyoles, Catalonia) has documented different moments of occupation of this lakeside environment. Obtained dates identify the enclave of La Draga as the first occupation, dated in the second half of the sixth millennium cal BC; in this settlement at least two episodes of occupation-amortization-occupation are observed. Further surveys carried out around the lake, have provided evidence of human activity on other locations of the lakeshore in different moments, that could be dated in late V millennium cal BC, mid-IV and mid-II millennium, and in time of the turn of the era.
Keywords: Draga, Banyoles, Catalonia, Early Neolithic, C14 dates.

Presentem les darreres intervencions arqueològiques
desenvolupades al poblat neolític de
La Draga i l’entorn lacustre de Banyoles des
de l’any 2008 fins avui. Aquestes actuacions
s’emmarquen dins del projecte de recerca “La
Draga i les ocupacions lacustres prehistòriques
de l’estany de Banyoles dins del context
de l’Europa Occidental (2008-2013)”. Els esforços
d’aquest projecte han anat dirigits vers
l’assoliment de dos objectius generals:
— D’una banda, caracteritzar el paisatge i les
condicions ambientals sota els quals es desenvoluparen
les ocupacions humanes a La
Draga i al conjunt de l’estany de Banyoles al
llarg de l’Holocè.
— De l’altra, reconstruir les estratègies econòmiques
i organitzatives dels grups humans que
es van establir a La Draga durant el Neolític.

We present Gava Mines Archaeological Park and its outreach program as examples of the use of data based on archaeological experimentation for the design and implementation of educational activities. These are activities
that encourage learning based on experience. We explain several examples, such as the recent construction of a Neolithic type hut. Our experience confirms a high acceptance from both the general public and schools.

Des de principis dels anys 1990 el Museu d’Història de Sabadell, en col·laboració amb Arqueolític, ha dut a
terme una intensa tasca de difusió del patrimoni sabadellenc. Al llarg de 25 anys s’han desenvolupat propostes
fonamentades en un tipus d’aprenentatge que preconitza la participació i l’experiència. Es tracta de propostes
adreçades fonamentalment al públic escolar, però que no han oblidat el públic general i familiar, i que han permès
a una bona part de la població escolar del municipi descobrir la història del seu territori. Ha estat una descoberta
activa a través de la seva participació en un ampli ventall de visites guiades i tallers que s’han ampliat i diversificat
al llarg d’aquest quart de segle. Són i han estat propostes pioneres en el context dels equipaments museístics
del nostre país i que han arrelat com a fórmula d’èxit per a difondre el nostre passat.