- Area de Historia del Derecho (room 97)
Facultad de Derecho, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
C/Kelsen, 1
Madrid, E-28034
Spain - Tel: +34 91 497 8121 / Fax: +34 91 497 8765
Julia Solla
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Legal history, Faculty Member
- Legal History, History of western law, history of judiciary and judicial law, Geography, Geografía, Constitución Expresa, Constitución Interior, and 26 moreColonias españolas, Spanish Colonies, Internal Constitution, Formal Constitution, Latin American Studies, Postcolonial Studies, Modern History, Latin American and Caribbean History, History of International Relations, Spanish History, History, Cultural Studies, Colonialismo Español, Consejo De Estado Español, Atlantic World, International History, Colonial Latin American History, Atlantic history, Southern Europe, Historia del Derecho, European Legal History, History of Law, Pierre Rosanvallon, Simon Leys, Longue durée, and Spatial Turnedit
- https://portalcientifico.uam.es/es/ipublic/researcher/261260edit
Presentación / Laura Beck Varela y María Julia Solla Sastre (pp. 9-12). -- Quando il diritto era ancora compatto. Perché la storia giuridica svizzera è così diversa? / Pio Caroni (pp. 13-43). -- El derecho municipal medieval de la... more
Presentación / Laura Beck Varela y María Julia Solla Sastre (pp. 9-12). -- Quando il diritto era ancora compatto. Perché la storia giuridica svizzera è così diversa? / Pio Caroni (pp. 13-43). -- El derecho municipal medieval de la Cataluña Nueva (siglos XIII-XVII) / Josep Serrano Daura (pp. 45-62). -- Algunas consideraciones sobre el régimen local cantábrico frente al fomento naval y forestal en la Corona de Castilla (c.1560-1570) / Alfredo José Martínez González (pp. 63-91). -- Organização judiciária e administração da justiça no Portugal filipino: a “reformaçam da justiça” de Filipe I de Portugal (1582) / Jorge Veiga Testos (pp. 93-121). -- El oficio de secretario en la doctrina jurídica de la Edad Moderna / Marina Rojo Gallego-Burín (pp. 123-149). -- Notas sobre la reforma municipal carolina en Sevilla: la representación del común / María del Mar Tizón Ferrer (pp. 151-165). -- Un programa ilustrado para la formación de juristas. El Plan de Estudios de Pablo de Olavide de 1768 / Fernando Liendo Tagle (pp. 167-198). -- La formación del jurista en el virreinato del Perú en las postrimerías del antiguo régimen / Carlos Tormo Camallonga (pp. 199-237). -- Propiedad moderna y alteridad indígena en Brasil (1755-1862) / Camilla de Freitas Macedo (pp. 239-270). -- Direito, política e sociedade: as Novas Conquistas de Goa durante o Perismo. Os contributos de Nery Xavier e Cláudio Lagrange / Luís Pedroso de Lima Cabral de Oliveira y João Pedro Caleira (pp. 271-303). -- Horizonte nacional, espacio tradicional. La construcción jurídica de la nación y el extranjero en la constitución de Cádiz / Iván Pastoriza Martínez (pp. 305-337). -- La disolución de los consejos: entre quiebras, confusiones y continuidad (1834-1836) / Antonio Manuel Luque Reina (pp. 339-371). -- Justicia legal y derecho judicial: la influencia de la jurisprudencia en la formación de la ciencia jurídica isabelina / Blanca Sáenz de Santa María Gómez-Mampaso (pp. 373-409). -- Nuevas etiquetas disciplinares y sus contiendas: las ciencias políticas ante el derecho en Francia (1871-1900) / Pedro Luis López Herráiz (pp. 411-449). -- O casamento na legislação de 1910 em Portugal. A mudança de paradigma nas relações familiares / Miriam Afonso Brigas (pp. 451-479). -- Primeira Lei do Contrato de Trabalho em Portugal: Lei nº 1.952, de 10 de Março de 1937 / Margarida Seixas (pp. 481-513). -- A Revisão Constitucional de 1971: o Projecto de Lei 6/X da “Ala Liberal” num contexto de tensões internas no Marcelismo / Filipe de Arede Nunes (pp. 515-543).
Research Interests:
The spatiotemporal conjunction is a fundamental aspect of the juridical reflection on the historicity of law. Despite the fact that it seems to represent an issue directly connected with the question of where legal history is heading... more
The spatiotemporal conjunction is a fundamental aspect of the juridical reflection on the historicity of law. Despite the fact that it seems to represent an issue directly connected with the question of where legal history is heading today, it still has not been the object of a focused inquiry. Against this background, the book’s proposal consists in rethinking key confluences related to this problem in order to provide coordinates for a collective understanding and dialogue.
The aim of this volume, however, is not to offer abstract methodological considerations, but rather to rely both on concrete studies, out of which a reflection on this conjunction emerges, as well as on the reconstruction of certain research lines featuring a spatiotemporal component.
This analytical approach makes a contribution by providing some suggestions for the employment of space and time as coordinates for legal history. Indeed, contrary to those historiographical attitudes reflecting a monistic conception of space and time (as well as a Eurocentric approach), the book emphasises the need for a delocalized global perspective. In general terms, the essays collected in this book intend to take into account the multiplicity of the spatiotemporal confines, the flexibility of those instruments that serve to create chronologies and scenarios, as well as certain processes of adaptation of law to different times and into different spaces.
The spatiotemporal dynamism enables historians not only to detect new perspectives and dimensions in foregone themes, but also to achieve new and compelling interpretations of legal history. As far as the relationship between space and law is concerned, the book analyses experiences in which space operates as a determining factor of law, e.g. in terms of a field of action for law. Moreover, it outlines the attempted scales of spatiality in order to develop legal historical research. With reference to the connection between time and law, the volume sketches the possibility of considering the factor of time, not just as a descriptive tool, but as an ascriptive moment (quasi an inner feature) of a legal problem, thus making it possible to appreciate the synchronic aspects of the ‘juridical experience’.
As a whole, the volume aims to present spatiotemporality as a challenge for legal history. Indeed, reassessing the value of the spatiotemporal coordinates for legal history implies thinking through both the thematic and methodological boundaries of the discipline.
http://www.rg.mpg.de/publikationen/gplh-6
The aim of this volume, however, is not to offer abstract methodological considerations, but rather to rely both on concrete studies, out of which a reflection on this conjunction emerges, as well as on the reconstruction of certain research lines featuring a spatiotemporal component.
This analytical approach makes a contribution by providing some suggestions for the employment of space and time as coordinates for legal history. Indeed, contrary to those historiographical attitudes reflecting a monistic conception of space and time (as well as a Eurocentric approach), the book emphasises the need for a delocalized global perspective. In general terms, the essays collected in this book intend to take into account the multiplicity of the spatiotemporal confines, the flexibility of those instruments that serve to create chronologies and scenarios, as well as certain processes of adaptation of law to different times and into different spaces.
The spatiotemporal dynamism enables historians not only to detect new perspectives and dimensions in foregone themes, but also to achieve new and compelling interpretations of legal history. As far as the relationship between space and law is concerned, the book analyses experiences in which space operates as a determining factor of law, e.g. in terms of a field of action for law. Moreover, it outlines the attempted scales of spatiality in order to develop legal historical research. With reference to the connection between time and law, the volume sketches the possibility of considering the factor of time, not just as a descriptive tool, but as an ascriptive moment (quasi an inner feature) of a legal problem, thus making it possible to appreciate the synchronic aspects of the ‘juridical experience’.
As a whole, the volume aims to present spatiotemporality as a challenge for legal history. Indeed, reassessing the value of the spatiotemporal coordinates for legal history implies thinking through both the thematic and methodological boundaries of the discipline.
http://www.rg.mpg.de/publikationen/gplh-6
Research Interests:
La construcción de las categorías del juez civil, penal y disciplinariamente responsable comenzó a hacerse posible en 1834 y se culminó en 1870, en una Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial que en su exposición de motivos proclamó como... more
La construcción de las categorías del juez civil, penal y disciplinariamente responsable comenzó a hacerse posible en 1834 y se culminó en 1870, en una Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial que en su exposición de motivos proclamó como cualidades de la magistratura “la independencia y la inamovilidad práctica, contrapesada oportunamente con una responsabilidad civil y criminal verdaderas”.
En materia de responsabilidad judicial, la novedad no consistió, sin embargo, en hacer verdaderas la civil y penal, sino en crear una verdadera responsabilidad disciplinaria que, partiendo de la disciplina judicial, emergió en el espacio ocupado sólo por aquéllas y se convirtió en el mecanismo por excelencia de sujeción del juez desde la segunda mitad del XIX. La responsabilidad disciplinaria no sólo fue un instrumento clave para diseñar un nuevo aparato judicial decimonónico, sino también para conformar una nueva comprensión del juez muy distinta a aquella con la que había comenzado el siglo.
La discreta práctica de la disciplina tiene como objeto contar una historia, la de la invención de esa responsabilidad disciplinaria y del modelo de juez que generó, a través de las prácticas discretas de los tribunales. Y lo que cuenta esa historia es cómo en torno a la responsabilidad disciplinaria se definieron en la España constitucional las modernas categorías del juez responsable.
KEY WORDS: Judicial responsibility, disciplinary responsibility, XIX century, Spain
En materia de responsabilidad judicial, la novedad no consistió, sin embargo, en hacer verdaderas la civil y penal, sino en crear una verdadera responsabilidad disciplinaria que, partiendo de la disciplina judicial, emergió en el espacio ocupado sólo por aquéllas y se convirtió en el mecanismo por excelencia de sujeción del juez desde la segunda mitad del XIX. La responsabilidad disciplinaria no sólo fue un instrumento clave para diseñar un nuevo aparato judicial decimonónico, sino también para conformar una nueva comprensión del juez muy distinta a aquella con la que había comenzado el siglo.
La discreta práctica de la disciplina tiene como objeto contar una historia, la de la invención de esa responsabilidad disciplinaria y del modelo de juez que generó, a través de las prácticas discretas de los tribunales. Y lo que cuenta esa historia es cómo en torno a la responsabilidad disciplinaria se definieron en la España constitucional las modernas categorías del juez responsable.
KEY WORDS: Judicial responsibility, disciplinary responsibility, XIX century, Spain
This article discusses the relationship between constitution and colonies in Spain. Since 1837, Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines were expressly excluded from the formal constitutions of the metropolis. Differently to the type of... more
This article discusses the relationship between constitution and colonies in Spain. Since 1837, Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines were expressly excluded from the formal constitutions of the metropolis. Differently to the type of constitutionalism from which they were expelled, the colonies, however, seemed to retain a real and material constitution, defined by geographers with geographic criteria, which ultimately served to uphold the whole political discourse concerning the particularities of nations overseas as well as to justify, in constitutional terms, their exclusion from the series of Spanish constitutions until the final collapse of their colonial regime in 1898.
Research Interests:
RESUMEN El artículo aborda desde una perspectiva histórica la relación que se ha mantenido entre la política y la justicia en España en el marco de la separación de poderes implantado por los constitucionalismos decimonónicos. Para poder... more
RESUMEN
El artículo aborda desde una perspectiva histórica la relación que se ha mantenido entre la política y la justicia en España en el marco de la separación de poderes implantado por los constitucionalismos decimonónicos. Para poder afrontar esa vinculación política-justicia se ha optado por materializar lo político y lo judicial en dos de sus expresiones institucionales, entendiendo por lo primero el Gobierno y por lo segundo la Administración de Justicia como aparato. De este breve recorrido, que
abarca desde el primer constitucionalismo doceañista hasta la vigente norma constitucional, se deduce que la politicidad de la magistratura se incorporó en los albores constitucionales como un elemento básico para asentar el nuevo orden; se consagró como un aspecto sustancial de los jueces que sirvió para articular el aparato judicial, y solo en décadas muy recientes, con una verdadera democratización del constitucionalismo, se
crearon instrumentos para considerarla una anomalía del sistema incompatible en esencia con una separación de poderes estructurante del orden constitucional.
ABSTRACT
This article addresses, from a historical perspective, the relationship that has been maintained between politics and justice in Spain within the framework of the separation of powers established by the nineteenth-century constitutionalisms. In order to tackle this political-justice link, we have chosen to materialise the political and the judicial in two of their institutional expressions, the former being understood as the Government and the latter as the Administration of Justice as an apparatus.
From this brief overview, which spans from the first constitutionalism of 1812 to the current Constitution, it can be deduced that the political nature of the judiciary was incorporated at the dawn of the Constitution as a basic element to establish the new order; it was enshrined as a substantial aspect of the judges that served to articulate the judicial apparatus, and only in very recent decades, with a true democratisation of constitutionalism, were instruments created to consider it a systemic anomaly, incompatible in essence with a separation of powers that structured the constitutional order.
El artículo aborda desde una perspectiva histórica la relación que se ha mantenido entre la política y la justicia en España en el marco de la separación de poderes implantado por los constitucionalismos decimonónicos. Para poder afrontar esa vinculación política-justicia se ha optado por materializar lo político y lo judicial en dos de sus expresiones institucionales, entendiendo por lo primero el Gobierno y por lo segundo la Administración de Justicia como aparato. De este breve recorrido, que
abarca desde el primer constitucionalismo doceañista hasta la vigente norma constitucional, se deduce que la politicidad de la magistratura se incorporó en los albores constitucionales como un elemento básico para asentar el nuevo orden; se consagró como un aspecto sustancial de los jueces que sirvió para articular el aparato judicial, y solo en décadas muy recientes, con una verdadera democratización del constitucionalismo, se
crearon instrumentos para considerarla una anomalía del sistema incompatible en esencia con una separación de poderes estructurante del orden constitucional.
ABSTRACT
This article addresses, from a historical perspective, the relationship that has been maintained between politics and justice in Spain within the framework of the separation of powers established by the nineteenth-century constitutionalisms. In order to tackle this political-justice link, we have chosen to materialise the political and the judicial in two of their institutional expressions, the former being understood as the Government and the latter as the Administration of Justice as an apparatus.
From this brief overview, which spans from the first constitutionalism of 1812 to the current Constitution, it can be deduced that the political nature of the judiciary was incorporated at the dawn of the Constitution as a basic element to establish the new order; it was enshrined as a substantial aspect of the judges that served to articulate the judicial apparatus, and only in very recent decades, with a true democratisation of constitutionalism, were instruments created to consider it a systemic anomaly, incompatible in essence with a separation of powers that structured the constitutional order.
Research Interests:
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Presentación / Laura Beck Varela y María Julia Solla Sastre (pp. 9-12). -- Quando il diritto era ancora compatto. Perché la storia giuridica svizzera è così diversa? / Pio Caroni (pp. 13-43). -- El derecho municipal medieval de la... more
Presentación / Laura Beck Varela y María Julia Solla Sastre (pp. 9-12). -- Quando il diritto era ancora compatto. Perché la storia giuridica svizzera è così diversa? / Pio Caroni (pp. 13-43). -- El derecho municipal medieval de la Cataluña Nueva (siglos XIII-XVII) / Josep Serrano Daura (pp. 45-62). -- Algunas consideraciones sobre el régimen local cantábrico frente al fomento naval y forestal en la Corona de Castilla (c.1560-1570) / Alfredo José Martínez González (pp. 63-91). -- Organização judiciária e administração da justiça no Portugal filipino: a “reformaçam da justiça” de Filipe I de Portugal (1582) / Jorge Veiga Testos (pp. 93-121). -- El oficio de secretario en la doctrina jurídica de la Edad Moderna / Marina Rojo Gallego-Burín (pp. 123-149). -- Notas sobre la reforma municipal carolina en Sevilla: la representación del común / María del Mar Tizón Ferrer (pp. 151-165). -- Un programa ilustrado para la formación de juristas. El Plan de Estudios de Pablo de Olavide de 1768 / F...
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La política colonial española a mediados del siglo XIX reveló una voluntad de gobernar las islas Filipinas a través de una lógica administrativa proyectada desde la Península. Sin embargo, el desafío que supuso aquel escenario tan... more
La política colonial española a mediados del siglo XIX reveló una voluntad de gobernar las islas Filipinas a través de una lógica administrativa proyectada desde la Península. Sin embargo, el desafío que supuso aquel escenario tan complejo por su geografía, orden social y multiplicidad de lenguas evidenció la incapacidad de la metrópoli para gobernar territorios tan distantes y diversos, así como su impotencia para articular un aparato administrativo con presencia sobre el terreno y exitoso. Las carencias de una administración que fue mínima obligaron a contar con la colaboración de nativos, que se entendieron a la vez necesarios y peligrosos para los intereses metropolitanos, con lo que se optó por una estrategia de superioridad peninsular sobre el Archipiélago y sus administrados: disminuirlos.
Research Interests:
https://academic.oup.com/ajlh/article-abstract/59/2/232/5480411 Abstract This paper offers an overview of the administration of justice in Spain between 1834 and 1868, a period politically marked by the reign of Isabel II and... more
https://academic.oup.com/ajlh/article-abstract/59/2/232/5480411
Abstract
This paper offers an overview of the administration of justice in Spain between 1834 and 1868, a period politically marked by the reign of Isabel II and legally characterised by a homogeneous understanding of the instrumental role of justice within the framework of political powers. This stage was crucial for the construction of contemporary Spanish judicial power, since in the 1830s the judicature of a state conceived as European only (i.e. no longer a transatlantic empire) began to be restructured, while in 1870, a judicial administration recognisable to contemporaries in spite of its transformations was finally designed and consolidated.
Within this context, this article provides some guidelines and keys to help unravel the complexity of this judicial construct, transcending a mere ‘political’ explanation and delving into other illuminating areas, such as legal culture, the concept of legality, the magistracy’s role and institutional practices. This approach demonstrates that, among other possible options, the decision was made to transform the inherited judiciary into an apparatus ruled by administrative logics, which gradually made possible the implementation of a legal order and only much later would acquire a genuine constitutional status.
Abstract
This paper offers an overview of the administration of justice in Spain between 1834 and 1868, a period politically marked by the reign of Isabel II and legally characterised by a homogeneous understanding of the instrumental role of justice within the framework of political powers. This stage was crucial for the construction of contemporary Spanish judicial power, since in the 1830s the judicature of a state conceived as European only (i.e. no longer a transatlantic empire) began to be restructured, while in 1870, a judicial administration recognisable to contemporaries in spite of its transformations was finally designed and consolidated.
Within this context, this article provides some guidelines and keys to help unravel the complexity of this judicial construct, transcending a mere ‘political’ explanation and delving into other illuminating areas, such as legal culture, the concept of legality, the magistracy’s role and institutional practices. This approach demonstrates that, among other possible options, the decision was made to transform the inherited judiciary into an apparatus ruled by administrative logics, which gradually made possible the implementation of a legal order and only much later would acquire a genuine constitutional status.
Research Interests:
History of Constitutionalism can show us how Constitutional law has "constituted " political realities all along history and Constitutional historians are among those who have the capacity to create more than one " constitutional history... more
History of Constitutionalism can show us how Constitutional law has "constituted " political realities all along history and Constitutional historians are among those who have the capacity to create more than one " constitutional history " that serves to build up very different traditions and narrations on the origins of constituent elements. The Spanish constitutional history of last years is an exceptional laboratory to study all these processes and their implications that reach their peak when dealing with the " Cadiz constitutional experiment ". As a matter of fact, the readings that the different historiographical currents did on this constitutionalism apropos its Bicentennial clearly reveal the difficulties and challenges of the recent constituent history of a country undergoing continuous constitutional revision and renewal.
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This paper discusses the possibility of thinking the colonial ambit of 19th century Spain as a common legal space in which legal understandings and categories covering both the metropolis and colonies are shared. The consolidation of the... more
This paper discusses the possibility of thinking
the colonial ambit of 19th century Spain as a
common legal space in which legal understandings
and categories covering both the metropolis and
colonies are shared. The consolidation of the American
independences and the political redefinition
of Spain, not to mention its imperial remnants
would have led in appearance to a normative
division of space between metropolis and colonies;
one that allegedly would have introduced the
European Spain into a liberal constitutionalism,
while the American and Asiatic territories would
have remained mired in the Ancien régime, thus
giving rise in 1837 to the »special legislation«
attributed to the Spanish Antilles and the Philippines.
However, if the entirety of that space was
contemplated not from the perspective of a legal
system, but rather from a wider cultural and
juridical point of view, then a shared understanding
of the law both on the Peninsula and overseas
would emerge which had the potential to explain
how the metropolis conceived, through juridical
instruments, the government of the colonies and,
in turn, how they modulated the progressive establishment
of the own Spain as a liberal state.
the colonial ambit of 19th century Spain as a
common legal space in which legal understandings
and categories covering both the metropolis and
colonies are shared. The consolidation of the American
independences and the political redefinition
of Spain, not to mention its imperial remnants
would have led in appearance to a normative
division of space between metropolis and colonies;
one that allegedly would have introduced the
European Spain into a liberal constitutionalism,
while the American and Asiatic territories would
have remained mired in the Ancien régime, thus
giving rise in 1837 to the »special legislation«
attributed to the Spanish Antilles and the Philippines.
However, if the entirety of that space was
contemplated not from the perspective of a legal
system, but rather from a wider cultural and
juridical point of view, then a shared understanding
of the law both on the Peninsula and overseas
would emerge which had the potential to explain
how the metropolis conceived, through juridical
instruments, the government of the colonies and,
in turn, how they modulated the progressive establishment
of the own Spain as a liberal state.
Research Interests:
This contribution deals with the construction of the disciplinary responsibility of judges in Spain, through a process that began in mid-nineteenth century and culminated in the Judiciary Act of 1870. That transformation took place by... more
This contribution deals with the construction of the disciplinary responsibility of judges in Spain, through a process that began in mid-nineteenth century and culminated in the Judiciary Act of 1870. That transformation took place by absorbing gradually the Government the disciplinary powers residing within the courts and depositing them in the hands of a new disciplinary authority, the Minister of Justice, which thus became the apex of judicial administration. It was the Act of 1870 the first in creating the category of "disciplinary responsibility", insofar as it finally converted the internal discipline of the courts, which was an discretionary power of those corporations, in a disciplinary jurisdiction regulated by public laws. In that sense, the paper tries to show that the disciplinary responsibility is not merely a symptom, but above all an instrument that was used to build a hierarchical administrative apparatus of justice that reached, from the nineteenth century onwards, constitutional entity.
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RESUMEN: Esta contribución parte de la perplejidad de que, en la España de la I República, se prohíba a los naturales de las provincias ultramarinas entrar a formar parte de la judicatura, a pesar de que el Decreto orgánico de 25 de... more
RESUMEN: Esta contribución parte de la perplejidad de que, en la España de la I República, se prohíba a los naturales de las provincias ultramarinas entrar a formar parte de la judicatura, a pesar de que el Decreto orgánico de 25 de octubre de 1870, que organizaba la carrera judicial en Ultramar, lo había permitido. A propósito de este episodio, el trabajo trata de reflexionar acerca de la recuperación de un veto y de unos argumentos de Derecho indiano justamente en un momento revolucionario y liberal.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Administración de justicia colonial, naturales, oposiciones a la judicatura, Decreto orgánico de 25 de octubre de 1870, Cuba, Puerto Rico
ABSTRACT: This contribution is due to the perplexity of banning the natives of the overseas provinces become part of the judiciary during the 1st Republic, although the Organic Decree of 25th October, 1870 organizing the judiciary overseas had allowed it. On the score of this episode, this work tries to reflect on the sense of the recovery of these veto and arguments of Indian Law for the colonies precisely during a revolutionary and liberal context in the metropolis.
KEY WORDS: Colonial judiciary, natives, competitions for judges, Organic Decree of 25th, October 1870, Cuba, Puerto Rico
PALABRAS CLAVE: Administración de justicia colonial, naturales, oposiciones a la judicatura, Decreto orgánico de 25 de octubre de 1870, Cuba, Puerto Rico
ABSTRACT: This contribution is due to the perplexity of banning the natives of the overseas provinces become part of the judiciary during the 1st Republic, although the Organic Decree of 25th October, 1870 organizing the judiciary overseas had allowed it. On the score of this episode, this work tries to reflect on the sense of the recovery of these veto and arguments of Indian Law for the colonies precisely during a revolutionary and liberal context in the metropolis.
KEY WORDS: Colonial judiciary, natives, competitions for judges, Organic Decree of 25th, October 1870, Cuba, Puerto Rico
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Research Interests:
Research Interests:
RESUMEN: El presente artículo plantea la relación entre constitución y colonias en España. A partir de 1837, Cuba, Puerto Rico y Filipinas son manifiestamente excluidas de las constituciones formales y expresas de la metrópoli. Frente a... more
RESUMEN: El presente artículo plantea la relación entre constitución y colonias en España. A partir de 1837, Cuba, Puerto Rico y Filipinas son manifiestamente excluidas de las constituciones formales y expresas de la metrópoli. Frente a ese constitucionalismo del que han sido expulsadas, las colonias, en cambio, parecen conservar una constitución real y material, definida por la geografía, que en última instancia sirve para sostener todo el discurso de la especialidad ultramarina y justificar, así, en términos constitucionales, su exclusión de la serie de constituciones españolas hasta su pérdida definitiva en 1898.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Colonias españolas, constitución interior, constitución expresa, Geografía
ABSTRACT: This article discusses the relationship between constitution and colonies in Spain. Since 1837, Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines were expressly excluded from the formal constitutions of the metropolis. Differently to the type of constitutionalism from which they were expelled, the colonies, however, seemed to retain a real and material constitution, defined by geographers with geographic criteria, which ultimately served to uphold the whole political discourse concerning the particularities of nations overseas as well as to justify, in constitutional terms, their exclusion from the series of Spanish constitutions until the final crumble of their colonial regime in 1898.
KEYWORDS: Spanish colonies, internal constitution, formal constitution, Geography
PALABRAS CLAVE: Colonias españolas, constitución interior, constitución expresa, Geografía
ABSTRACT: This article discusses the relationship between constitution and colonies in Spain. Since 1837, Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines were expressly excluded from the formal constitutions of the metropolis. Differently to the type of constitutionalism from which they were expelled, the colonies, however, seemed to retain a real and material constitution, defined by geographers with geographic criteria, which ultimately served to uphold the whole political discourse concerning the particularities of nations overseas as well as to justify, in constitutional terms, their exclusion from the series of Spanish constitutions until the final crumble of their colonial regime in 1898.
KEYWORDS: Spanish colonies, internal constitution, formal constitution, Geography
Research Interests:
Resumen: El presente trabajo se basa en un expediente por responsabilidad instruido contra los magistrados de la Audiencia de Lima entre los años 1808-1824 por los delitos de prevaricación y cohecho y comportamientos contrarios a la... more
Resumen:
El presente trabajo se basa en un expediente por responsabilidad instruido contra los magistrados de la Audiencia de Lima entre los años 1808-1824 por los delitos de prevaricación y cohecho y comportamientos contrarios a la dignidad del cargo. De una aproximación a ese expediente judicial se desprende cómo la comprensión de la responsabilidad del magistrado se mantuvo en épocas de profundos cambios políticos y, a su vez, cómo dichos cambios hicieron un uso político del instrumento de la responsabilidad para producirse
Palabras claves: Responsabilidad judicial; Audiencia de Lima; Prevaricación; Cohecho; Venalidad; Decoro de la magistratura; Imagen de la justicia
Abstract:
The present work is based on a judicial case on responsibility, developed from 1808 to 1824, against the magistrates of the Audiencia de Lima, under the charges of prevarication, bribery and misbehavior. The study of this case shows, on the one hand, how, despite deep political changes, the traditional judicial responsibility model remained; and, on the other hand, how those changes made a political use of the tools offered by this responsibility.
Keywords: Judicial responsibility; Audiencia de Lima; Prevarication; Bribery; Misbehavior; Misdemeanors; Dignity of the magistrate; Image of justice
El presente trabajo se basa en un expediente por responsabilidad instruido contra los magistrados de la Audiencia de Lima entre los años 1808-1824 por los delitos de prevaricación y cohecho y comportamientos contrarios a la dignidad del cargo. De una aproximación a ese expediente judicial se desprende cómo la comprensión de la responsabilidad del magistrado se mantuvo en épocas de profundos cambios políticos y, a su vez, cómo dichos cambios hicieron un uso político del instrumento de la responsabilidad para producirse
Palabras claves: Responsabilidad judicial; Audiencia de Lima; Prevaricación; Cohecho; Venalidad; Decoro de la magistratura; Imagen de la justicia
Abstract:
The present work is based on a judicial case on responsibility, developed from 1808 to 1824, against the magistrates of the Audiencia de Lima, under the charges of prevarication, bribery and misbehavior. The study of this case shows, on the one hand, how, despite deep political changes, the traditional judicial responsibility model remained; and, on the other hand, how those changes made a political use of the tools offered by this responsibility.
Keywords: Judicial responsibility; Audiencia de Lima; Prevarication; Bribery; Misbehavior; Misdemeanors; Dignity of the magistrate; Image of justice
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La política colonial española a mediados del siglo XIX reveló una voluntad de gobernar las islas Filipinas a través de una lógica administrativa proyectada desde la Península. Sin embargo, el desafío que supuso aquel escenario tan... more
La política colonial española a mediados del siglo XIX reveló una voluntad de gobernar las islas Filipinas a través de una lógica administrativa proyectada desde la Península. Sin embargo, el desafío que supuso aquel escenario tan complejo por su geografía, orden social y multiplicidad de lenguas evidenció la incapacidad de la metrópoli para gobernar territorios tan distantes y diversos, así como su impotencia para articular un aparato administrativo con presencia sobre el terreno y exitoso. Las carencias de una administración que fue mínima obligaron a contar con la colaboración de nativos, que se entendieron a la vez necesarios y peligrosos para los intereses metropolitanos, con lo que se optó por una estrategia de superioridad peninsular sobre el Archipiélago y sus administrados: disminuirlos.
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In the mid 19th century, Spanish colonial policy evidenced the country’s desire to rule the Philippines by applying an administrative logic projected directly from the Iberian Peninsula itself. However, the complexity that this implied... more
In the mid 19th century, Spanish colonial policy evidenced the country’s desire to rule the Philippines by applying an administrative logic projected directly from the Iberian Peninsula itself. However, the complexity that this implied due to the Philippines’ geography, social order and multiplicity of languages underscored the mother country’s
incapacity to govern such distant and diverse lands as well as its inability to create a successful administrative structure with presence on the ground. The shortfalls of this minimal administration required collaboration from Filipinos who were seen as both necessary and dangerous for the mother country’s interests, thus leading to a strategy based on the Iberian Peninsula’s superiority over the Archipelago and its inhabitants: belittling them.
La política colonial española a mediados del siglo XIX reveló una voluntad de gobernar las islas Filipinas a través de una lógica administrativa proyectada desde la Península. Sin embargo, el desafío que supuso aquel escenario tan complejo por su geografía, orden social y multiplicidad de lenguas evidenció la incapacidad de la metrópoli
para gobernar territorios tan distantes y diversos, así como su impotencia para articular un aparato administrativo con presencia sobre el terreno y exitoso. Las carencias de una administración que fue mínima obligaron a contar con la colaboración de nativos, que se
entendieron a la vez necesarios y peligrosos para los intereses metropolitanos, con lo que se optó por una estrategia de superioridad peninsular sobre el Archipiélago y sus administrados: disminuirlos.
incapacity to govern such distant and diverse lands as well as its inability to create a successful administrative structure with presence on the ground. The shortfalls of this minimal administration required collaboration from Filipinos who were seen as both necessary and dangerous for the mother country’s interests, thus leading to a strategy based on the Iberian Peninsula’s superiority over the Archipelago and its inhabitants: belittling them.
La política colonial española a mediados del siglo XIX reveló una voluntad de gobernar las islas Filipinas a través de una lógica administrativa proyectada desde la Península. Sin embargo, el desafío que supuso aquel escenario tan complejo por su geografía, orden social y multiplicidad de lenguas evidenció la incapacidad de la metrópoli
para gobernar territorios tan distantes y diversos, así como su impotencia para articular un aparato administrativo con presencia sobre el terreno y exitoso. Las carencias de una administración que fue mínima obligaron a contar con la colaboración de nativos, que se
entendieron a la vez necesarios y peligrosos para los intereses metropolitanos, con lo que se optó por una estrategia de superioridad peninsular sobre el Archipiélago y sus administrados: disminuirlos.
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RESUMEN: El final de la década de los 60 del siglo XIX presenció el arranque del colonialismo europeo moderno. El contexto impulsó una nueva reflexión sobre el papel de España en el tablero colonial, llevándola a adoptar estrategias... more
RESUMEN: El final de la década de los 60 del siglo XIX presenció el arranque del
colonialismo europeo moderno. El contexto impulsó una nueva reflexión sobre el papel de España en el tablero colonial, llevándola a adoptar estrategias institucionales de colonización “moderna” que no la descolgaran de los avances de las grandes metrópolis que se advertían en las posesiones del Pacífico. Sería el momento, pues, de experimentar una nueva tecnología colonial en su laboratorio más exótico: Filipinas. Una de las medidas adoptadas fue la de formar un nuevo modelo de administrador de aquel Archipiélago que fuera capaz de administrar con eficiencia y sacar el máximo provecho económico de unas islas que se estimaban infraexplotadas. La formación en 1870 del cuerpo de administradores civiles para Filipinas constituye, así, una de las claves para adentrarse en aquel giro colonial y en los instrumentos institucionales que articularon esa pretendida nueva política, así como para comprender sus limitaciones y su anunciada debilidad.
PALABRAS CLAVE: educación colonial, administración colonial, administración civil,
Filipinas, colonialismo español, siglo XIX.
ABSTRACT: The end of the 1860s witnessed the beginning of modern European colonialism. The context prompted a new reflection on the role of Spain in the colonial
chessboard, leading it to adopt institutional strategies of “modern” colonization that did not deplete it from the advances of the great metropolis that were taking place in the Asian possessions. It was now time to experiment with a new ‘colonial setup’ in its most exotic laboratory: the Philippines. One of the first measures to be adopted was to form a new model of administrator to efficiently manage and make the most of the economic advantage of islands that were considered under-exploited. The creation and training of a civil administrator corps for the Philippines in 1870 is therefore one of the main keys to approach this new colonial turn and the institutional instruments that articulated that supposed new policy, as well as to understand its limitations and its foreseeable weaknesses.
KEYWORDS: colonial career, colonial administration, civil administration, Philippines,
spanish colonialism, 19th century.
colonialismo europeo moderno. El contexto impulsó una nueva reflexión sobre el papel de España en el tablero colonial, llevándola a adoptar estrategias institucionales de colonización “moderna” que no la descolgaran de los avances de las grandes metrópolis que se advertían en las posesiones del Pacífico. Sería el momento, pues, de experimentar una nueva tecnología colonial en su laboratorio más exótico: Filipinas. Una de las medidas adoptadas fue la de formar un nuevo modelo de administrador de aquel Archipiélago que fuera capaz de administrar con eficiencia y sacar el máximo provecho económico de unas islas que se estimaban infraexplotadas. La formación en 1870 del cuerpo de administradores civiles para Filipinas constituye, así, una de las claves para adentrarse en aquel giro colonial y en los instrumentos institucionales que articularon esa pretendida nueva política, así como para comprender sus limitaciones y su anunciada debilidad.
PALABRAS CLAVE: educación colonial, administración colonial, administración civil,
Filipinas, colonialismo español, siglo XIX.
ABSTRACT: The end of the 1860s witnessed the beginning of modern European colonialism. The context prompted a new reflection on the role of Spain in the colonial
chessboard, leading it to adopt institutional strategies of “modern” colonization that did not deplete it from the advances of the great metropolis that were taking place in the Asian possessions. It was now time to experiment with a new ‘colonial setup’ in its most exotic laboratory: the Philippines. One of the first measures to be adopted was to form a new model of administrator to efficiently manage and make the most of the economic advantage of islands that were considered under-exploited. The creation and training of a civil administrator corps for the Philippines in 1870 is therefore one of the main keys to approach this new colonial turn and the institutional instruments that articulated that supposed new policy, as well as to understand its limitations and its foreseeable weaknesses.
KEYWORDS: colonial career, colonial administration, civil administration, Philippines,
spanish colonialism, 19th century.
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Esta contribución parte de la perplejidad de que, en la España de la I República, se prohibiera a los naturales de las provincias ultramarinas formar parte de la judicatura, a pesar de que el Decreto orgánico de 25 de octubre de 1870, que... more
Esta contribución parte de la perplejidad de que, en la España de la I República, se prohibiera a los naturales de las provincias ultramarinas formar parte de la judicatura, a pesar de que el Decreto orgánico de 25 de octubre de 1870, que organizaba la carrera judicial en Ultramar, lo hubiera permitido. A propósito de este episodio, el trabajo trata de reflexionar acerca de la recuperación de un veto y de unos argumentos de derecho indiano justamente en un momento revolucionario y liberal.
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El presente trabajo plantea la posibilidad de pensar el ámbito colonial de la España decimonónica como un espacio cultural que abarca categorías jurídicas comunes en la metrópoli y en las colonias, desde las que se construye esa... more
El presente trabajo plantea la posibilidad de pensar el ámbito colonial de la España decimonónica
como un espacio cultural que abarca categorías jurídicas comunes en la metrópoli y en las colonias,
desde las que se construye esa “especialidad” legislativa en que se inscribirá a las Antillas
españolas y a Filipinas a partir de 1837. Desde el concepto de cultura jurídica, emerge una comprensión
del Derecho compartida en la Península y en Ultramar que tiene la virtualidad de explicar
cómo se planteó la metrópoli el gobierno de las colonias y, a su vez, cómo modularon éstas la
progresiva conformación de España como Estado.
como un espacio cultural que abarca categorías jurídicas comunes en la metrópoli y en las colonias,
desde las que se construye esa “especialidad” legislativa en que se inscribirá a las Antillas
españolas y a Filipinas a partir de 1837. Desde el concepto de cultura jurídica, emerge una comprensión
del Derecho compartida en la Península y en Ultramar que tiene la virtualidad de explicar
cómo se planteó la metrópoli el gobierno de las colonias y, a su vez, cómo modularon éstas la
progresiva conformación de España como Estado.
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Programa del II Encuentro Hispano-Luso de Historiadores del Derecho, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 6-8 de julio de 2017.
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Noticia sobre o I Encontro Hispano-Luso de Historiadores do Direito, Madrid, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 9 y 10 de julio de 2015.
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Programa Coloquios Historia Derecho UAM_2021-2022